AP European History – Renaissance Already Passed

AP European History – Renaissance Already Passed Italian Renaissance a great cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. It marks the transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and the start of the Modern Age. The Renaissance is usually considered to have begun in the 14th century in Italy and the 16th century in northern Europe. It is also known as "Rinascimento" (in Italian). Jacob Burckhart 19th century historian that claimed the Renaissance period stood in distinct contrast to the Middle Ages. city-states a political phenomenon of small independent states in the northern Italian peninsula between the 10th and 15th centuries. commenda system Contract between merchant and "merchant-adventurer" who agreed to take goods to distant locations and return with the proceeds (for 1/3 of profits) Republic of Florence (included Republic of Genoa) a. Center of the Renaissance during the 14th and 15th centuries. b. Dominated by the Medici family Medici family Family that dominated Republic of Florence Cosimo "_____ de' Medici" Allied with otherpowerful families of Florence and became unofficial ruler of the republic and most powerful of the Medici rulers. Lorenzo "_____ de' Medici" (1449- 1492): significant patron of the arts (son of Cosimo) Duchy of Milan Ruled by Sforza family after 1450 (Milan was a major enemy of Venice and Florence) Sforza The family that ruled the Duchy of Milan after 1450. Peace of Lodi created a relative 40-year period of peace in northern Italy Papal States popes served both as religious and political leaders; controlled much of central Italy Naples a. Included southern Italian region of _____ and the island of Sicily b. Only Italian city-state to officially have a "king" c. Controlled by France between d. Controlled by Spain after 1435 Charles VIII Milan's despot, Ludovico "the Moor," encouraged French King _______ to invade Naples, the traditional enemy of Milan.