CSIS 100 Information Systems Final Exam 2022

Data - ANSWER-individual facts or pieces of information information - ANSWER-data or facts that are assembled and analyzed to add meaning and usefulness knowledge - ANSWER-refined information that is more meaningful data-driven decision making - ANSWER-decision making that draws on the billions of pieces of data that can be aggregated to reveal important trends and patterns business intelligence - ANSWER-the information managers use to make decisions, drawn from the company's own information systems or external sources customer relationship management (CRM) - ANSWER-encompasses the strategies, processes, and information systems an organization uses to build and maintain relationships with its current and prospective customers competitive advantage - ANSWER-anything that gives a firm a lead over its rivals; it can be gained through the development and application of innovative information systems network effects - ANSWER-the increased value of a product or service that results simply because there are more people using it switching costs - ANSWER-costs that customers incur when they change suppliers Porter's five forces - ANSWER-Threat of new entrants, power of buyers, power of suppliers, threat of substitutes, rivalry among existing competitors disruptive innovations - ANSWER-new products or services, often springing from technological advances, that have the potential to reshape an industry sustaining technologies - ANSWER-technologies that offer improvements to streamline existing processes and give companies marginal advantages value chain - ANSWER-the activities a company performs to create value, as it brings in raw resources from suppliers, transforms them in some way, and then markets the product or service to buyers enterprise architecture - ANSWER-a roadmap created by an organization to describe its current situation and where it should head to achieve its mission, focusing on business strategy and the technology infrastructure required to achieve it RFIDs - ANSWER-a technology placed on tags with small chips equipped with a microprocessor, a tiny antenna to receive and transmit data, and sometimes a battery that stores information on the tagged object's history Moore's Law - ANSWER-a principle named for computer executive Gordon Moore, which states that advances in computer technology, such as processing speed or storage capabilities, doubles about every 2 years random access memory (RAM) - ANSWER-a computer's primary temporary storage area accessed by the CPU to execute instructions application software - ANSWER-the type of software used to support a wide range of individual and business activities, such as transaction processing, payroll, word processing, and video editing system software - ANSWER-the type of software that controls basic computer operations such as file management disk storage, hardware interfaces, and integration with the application software operating systems - ANSWER-the category of system software that performs a variety of critical basic tasks, such as handling device input and output, maintaining file structures, and allocating memory proprietary software - ANSWER-software that is owned by an individual or a company (usually the one that developed it). There are almost always major restrictions on its use, and its source code is almost always kept secret.