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Samenvatting Volledig Cursus Grondslagen Samengevat

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Tussentijdse toets of examen? Deze samenvatting bevat alle informatie nodig om te slagen. Verbanden worden al reeds gelegd, dus je moet ze zelf niet zoeken. Zeer duidelijk en gestructureerd. Onbelangrijke zaken weggelaten!

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Grondslagen van de chemie

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Inhoud
DEEL A: De wereld van atomen en moleculen ......................................................................................... 4
Kwantumgetallen ................................................................................................................................ 4
Hoofdkwantumgetal: n (n=1,…) ...................................................................................................... 4
Nevenkwantumgetal: l (l<n) ............................................................................................................ 4
Magnetisch kwantumgetal: ml (-l ≤ ml ≤ +l) .................................................................................... 4
Spinkwatumgetal: ms (= +1/2 of -1/2) ............................................................................................. 4
Elektronenstructuur van het waterstofatoom (= één-elektron systeem)........................................... 4
Elektronenstructuur van meer-elektron-systemen............................................................................. 5
Periodiciteit van atomaire eigenschappen.......................................................................................... 5
De ionbinding ...................................................................................................................................... 6
De covalente binding ........................................................................................................................... 7
Moleculaire orbitalen als lineaire combinatie van atomaire orbitalen (MO-LCAO) theorie........... 7
Hybridisatie...................................................................................................................................... 9
Verder info..................................................................................................................................... 10
Samenvatting verschil ionbinding en covalente binding: een overzicht ........................................... 10
DEEL B: Gassen, vloeistoffen, vaste stoffen en mengsels ...................................................................... 11
Intermoleculaire krachten ................................................................................................................. 11
Gassen en gasmengsel ...................................................................................................................... 11
DEEL C: Chemische kinetica ................................................................................................................... 12
Botsingstheorie & factoren die reactiesnelheid beïnvloeden........................................................... 13
Snelheidsverdeling & Energieverdeling......................................................................................... 13
Botsingstheorie voor reacties in de gasfase .................................................................................. 13
Katalyse ......................................................................................................................................... 14
DEEL D: Chemische thermodynamica .................................................................................................... 15
Begrippen en afleidingen .................................................................................................................. 15
Omzettingsgraad bij evenwicht αev in functie van de beginconcentratie C0 en in functie van de druk
P voor reacties in de gasfase ............................................................................................................. 16
Energetische aspecten van het chemisch evenwicht ........................................................................ 17
Exotherme en endotherme chemische reacties ........................................................................... 17
Entropische aspecten van het chemisch evenwicht ..................................................................... 18
Vrije energie van Gibbs.................................................................................................................. 18
Verband tussen kinetica en thermodynamica .................................................................................. 20
DEEL E: Evenwichtsconcentraties .......................................................................................................... 20
DEEL E1: Zuur-base-reacties als protontransferreacties .................. Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.

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