ATI Med Surg Review

Ch. 1 Health, Wellness, and Illness • Variables o Modifiable= can be changed, smoking, nutrition, health edu, sex practices, exercise o Non modifiable= sex, age, developmental level, genetics Ch. 2 Emergency Nursing Principles and Management • Triage o Resuscitation= level one o Emergent= level two o Urgent= level 3 o Less urgent= level four o Nonurgent= level five, non life threatening condition require simple eval and care management • ABCDE o Airway= maintain airway, head tilt/chin lift (do NOT perform if pt has spine injuryà do modified jaw thrust maneuver), bag valve mask w/ 100% O2, nonrebreather w/ 100% O2 use for spontaneous breathers o Breathing o Circulation o Disability= loc o Exposure= clothing • Poisoning= use activated charcoal, gastric lavage (done w/I 1hr) aspiration • Rapid response team= respond to emergency when pt has indications of rapid decline • Cardiac emergency o Vfib= defibrillate, CPR, admin IV antidysrhythmic (epi, amiodarone, lidocaine, magnesium sulfate) o Vtach • Epi= stimulate alpha 1 (vasoconstrict), beta 1 (increase hr), beta 2 (bronchodilate), good for superficial bleeding, increase bp, AV block and cardiac arrest and asthma o s/e= htn crisis, dysrhythmias, angina • Dopamine= renal blood vessel dilation, beta 1 increase hr, good for shock, hf o s/e= dysrhythmias, angina • Dobutamine= beta 1 increase hr, good for hr Ch. 3 Neurologic Diagnostic Procedures • Cerebral angiography= visualization of cerebral blood vessels, assess blood flow within brain, id aneurysms o Do NOT perform if pregnant, don’t eat food or fluids for 4-6hrs prior to procedure, assess for allergy to shellfish or iodine b/c require use of contrast media, ask about anticoag, assess BUN and creatinine; monitor area for clotting after procedure • CT= cross section image • EEG= id seizure activity and sleep disorder o Wash hair b/f procedure, be sleep deprived, expose to flashing lights, hyperventilate for 3-4 min