Kennismaking met Onderzoeksmethoden
en Statistiek
Inhoud
Hoorcollege – 6-9-2022........................................................................................................................... 4
Grasple – Literatuur opzoeken en APA refereren................................................................................. 10
Literatuur zoeken .............................................................................................................................. 10
APA referentie................................................................................................................................... 11
Literatuur opzoeken .......................................................................................................................... 11
Hoorcollege – 8-9-2022......................................................................................................................... 13
Grasple – selecte steekproefmethoden................................................................................................ 22
Gemakssteekproef ............................................................................................................................ 23
Doelgerichte steekproef ................................................................................................................... 23
Quotasteekproef ............................................................................................................................... 24
Sneeuwbalsteekproef ....................................................................................................................... 25
Complexere situatie .......................................................................................................................... 25
Sequentiële steekproef ..................................................................................................................... 25
Selecte steekproeven oefenen met een Shiny App .......................................................................... 26
Grasple – selecte steekproefmethoden herkennen ............................................................................. 28
Grasple – SPI(C)E acroniem ................................................................................................................... 31
Grasple – Triangulatie ........................................................................................................................... 32
Triangulatie ....................................................................................................................................... 32
Vormen van triangulatie ................................................................................................................... 32
Data-triangulatie ............................................................................................................................... 32
Onderzoeker triangulatie .................................................................................................................. 32
Theoretische triangulatie .................................................................................................................. 32
Methodologische triangulatie ........................................................................................................... 33
Werkgroep – 14-9-2022 ........................................................................................................................ 34
Hoorcollege – 13-9-2022....................................................................................................................... 36
Grasple – leesplan: artikel kwalitatief onderzoek................................................................................. 47
Grasple – coderen ................................................................................................................................. 51
Grasple – kwalitatieve learning check .................................................................................................. 53
Hoorcollege – 15-9-2022....................................................................................................................... 56
Grasple – meetniveaus ......................................................................................................................... 68
1
, Grasple – operationaliseren.................................................................................................................. 72
Toepassing op onderzoek ................................................................................................................. 72
Grasple – meer meetniveaus en operationaliseren ............................................................................. 75
Grasple – beschrijvende statistieken (met Shiny App) ......................................................................... 79
Uitleg ................................................................................................................................................. 81
Uitleg ................................................................................................................................................. 82
Grasple – hoorcollege ........................................................................................................................... 85
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 85
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................... 98
Grasple – aselecte steekproefmethoden (met Shiny App) ................................................................. 100
Grasple – validiteit en betrouwbaarheid ............................................................................................ 109
Toepassing op onderzoek ............................................................................................................... 109
Toepassing op onderzoek ............................................................................................................... 110
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 111
Grasple – soorten betrouwbaarheid en begripsvaliditeit ................................................................... 112
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 113
Grasple – correlatie versus causatie ................................................................................................... 115
Grasple – populatie en steekproef ..................................................................................................... 118
Grasple – correlatie verdiepend ......................................................................................................... 121
Hoorcollege – 22-9-2022..................................................................................................................... 126
Grasple – correlaties in steekproeven (met Shiny App) ..................................................................... 137
Grasple – statistische validiteit correlatie........................................................................................... 143
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 145
Grasple – de Spearman correlatie ...................................................................................................... 147
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................... 147
Spearman correlatie........................................................................................................................ 148
Spearman correlatie........................................................................................................................ 149
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 149
Uitleg ............................................................................................................................................... 150
Uitleg ............................................................................................................................................... 150
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 151
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 152
Notatie ............................................................................................................................................ 152
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 152
Werkgroep – 28-9-2022 ...................................................................................................................... 154
Grasple – correlationele learning check ............................................................................................. 156
2
en Statistiek
Inhoud
Hoorcollege – 6-9-2022........................................................................................................................... 4
Grasple – Literatuur opzoeken en APA refereren................................................................................. 10
Literatuur zoeken .............................................................................................................................. 10
APA referentie................................................................................................................................... 11
Literatuur opzoeken .......................................................................................................................... 11
Hoorcollege – 8-9-2022......................................................................................................................... 13
Grasple – selecte steekproefmethoden................................................................................................ 22
Gemakssteekproef ............................................................................................................................ 23
Doelgerichte steekproef ................................................................................................................... 23
Quotasteekproef ............................................................................................................................... 24
Sneeuwbalsteekproef ....................................................................................................................... 25
Complexere situatie .......................................................................................................................... 25
Sequentiële steekproef ..................................................................................................................... 25
Selecte steekproeven oefenen met een Shiny App .......................................................................... 26
Grasple – selecte steekproefmethoden herkennen ............................................................................. 28
Grasple – SPI(C)E acroniem ................................................................................................................... 31
Grasple – Triangulatie ........................................................................................................................... 32
Triangulatie ....................................................................................................................................... 32
Vormen van triangulatie ................................................................................................................... 32
Data-triangulatie ............................................................................................................................... 32
Onderzoeker triangulatie .................................................................................................................. 32
Theoretische triangulatie .................................................................................................................. 32
Methodologische triangulatie ........................................................................................................... 33
Werkgroep – 14-9-2022 ........................................................................................................................ 34
Hoorcollege – 13-9-2022....................................................................................................................... 36
Grasple – leesplan: artikel kwalitatief onderzoek................................................................................. 47
Grasple – coderen ................................................................................................................................. 51
Grasple – kwalitatieve learning check .................................................................................................. 53
Hoorcollege – 15-9-2022....................................................................................................................... 56
Grasple – meetniveaus ......................................................................................................................... 68
1
, Grasple – operationaliseren.................................................................................................................. 72
Toepassing op onderzoek ................................................................................................................. 72
Grasple – meer meetniveaus en operationaliseren ............................................................................. 75
Grasple – beschrijvende statistieken (met Shiny App) ......................................................................... 79
Uitleg ................................................................................................................................................. 81
Uitleg ................................................................................................................................................. 82
Grasple – hoorcollege ........................................................................................................................... 85
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................. 85
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................... 98
Grasple – aselecte steekproefmethoden (met Shiny App) ................................................................. 100
Grasple – validiteit en betrouwbaarheid ............................................................................................ 109
Toepassing op onderzoek ............................................................................................................... 109
Toepassing op onderzoek ............................................................................................................... 110
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 111
Grasple – soorten betrouwbaarheid en begripsvaliditeit ................................................................... 112
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 113
Grasple – correlatie versus causatie ................................................................................................... 115
Grasple – populatie en steekproef ..................................................................................................... 118
Grasple – correlatie verdiepend ......................................................................................................... 121
Hoorcollege – 22-9-2022..................................................................................................................... 126
Grasple – correlaties in steekproeven (met Shiny App) ..................................................................... 137
Grasple – statistische validiteit correlatie........................................................................................... 143
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 145
Grasple – de Spearman correlatie ...................................................................................................... 147
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................... 147
Spearman correlatie........................................................................................................................ 148
Spearman correlatie........................................................................................................................ 149
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 149
Uitleg ............................................................................................................................................... 150
Uitleg ............................................................................................................................................... 150
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 151
Voorbeeld........................................................................................................................................ 152
Notatie ............................................................................................................................................ 152
Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. 152
Werkgroep – 28-9-2022 ...................................................................................................................... 154
Grasple – correlationele learning check ............................................................................................. 156
2
