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Samenvatting Acne en Rosacea

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Samenvatting van les over acne en rosacea

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Uploaded on
October 31, 2022
Number of pages
7
Written in
2021/2022
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Summary

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Dermatologie

Acne vulgaris & rosacea
1. Acne vulgaris
- Ontstaat in talgklierfollikels
o Gelaat
o Bovenste helft romp
- Pathogenese = multifactorieel
o Bact kolonisatie (propionibacterium acnes)
o Hyperkeratose & obstructie talgklieruitvoergang
o Androgenen => ↑ sebumproductie
o Ontstekingsproces
- Kliniek = polymorf
o Open comedo: ‘blackhead’
o Gesloten comedo: ‘white head’
o Infl letsels
 Papels, pustels, nodi, cysten
o Littekens
 Atrofische – ‘ice-pick’
 Hypertrofische – keloïdale
o Vormen
 Papulopustuleuze milde vorm
 Papulopustuleuze matige vorm
 Papulopustuleuze – nodeuze ernstige vorm
- Klinische varianten
o Acne excoriée
 Discrepantie tss ernst vd acne & manipulatie
o Acne neonatorum-infantum
 Hormonale invloed vd moeder, topica
o Contactacne (chloor, teer, cosmetica) = acne venenata
 Chlooracne: gechloreerde aromatische koolwaterstoffen; bijna uitsluitend
blackheads, meerdere werknemers
 teeracne: wegenwerkers, schoorsteenverger
 acne cosmetica
 Vrouwen middelbare leeftijd
 Vooral kinstreek
 Acne ‘en mineur’
 Langdurig gebruik van ‘comedogene’ cosmetica
o Fysische acne
 in bestralingsgebieden
 door chronische cumulatieve zon (UV) blootstelling: beschadiging van het
derm (ondersteunende functie)
 “Syndroom van Favre Racouchot”
 na zonblootstelling ( UV) kunnen de inflammatoire letsels tijdelijk verbeteren
doch er worden meer comedonen aangemaakt.
o Acne door geneesmiddelen
 1. Androgenen (sporters, afremming groei bij jongens)
 2. Progestagenen intra-uterien, implantaat
 3. Steroïden
 4. Anderen: halogenen (jood, broom, fluor), lithium, vitamine B12,
tuberculostatica (INH, ethambutol), anti- epileptica (barbituraten, fenytoine,
trimethadione ), anti-depressiva (amitriptyline, amoxapine, bupropion),
aripiprazole, azathioprine, cyclosporine, cetuximab,....

, Dermatologie

o Acne adrogenetica: vrouwen met hyperandrogenisme
 Persisterende, forse acne
 Andere tekenen van androgenisatie:
 hirsutisme, diepe stem, onregelmatige menstruele cyclus
 => HORMONAAL BILAN!!!

Behandeling
- 2 pijlers
o 1) inwerken op de pathofysiologie
 1. Hyperkeratose
 Isotretinoïne
 Topisch retinoïd
 2. Sebumproductie
 Isotretinoine
 Via androgenen: orale contraceptiva
 3. Bacteriëlekolonisatie
 Orale antibiotica
 Isotretinoïne
 Benzoylperoxide
 Topische antibiotica
 4. Ontstekingsreactie
 Orale antibiotica
 Isotretinoïne
 Topisch retinoid
 Topische antibiotica
 Benzoylperoxide
o 2) vermijden v uitlokkende/verergerende factoren
 1. Cosmetica,olieën,teer
 2. Medicatie
 3. Wrijving-Manipulatie
 4. Hyperandrogenemie
- Isotretinoine
o ®Roaccutane = F-igste beh in acne
o Maar: AE => monitoring
 Cave teratogeen
o => beperkte indicaties
 Zeer ernstige acne
 Uitgebreide verlittekening
 Matige tot ernstige acne die niet beantwoordt aan klassieke R/
o Geen eerste lijn voor acne!!
- Topische retinoïden
o = hoeksteen ve acne beh
 Opruimen v bestaande comedonen
 Inhibitie v vorming v nieuwe microcomedonen
 ↓ infl letsels
o Producten
 Adapalene (Differin gel® of Differin crème®)
 Tretinoïne (Treclinax gel® = combi met lokaal AB)
o Hoe?
 Aanbrengen op volledige zone (niet alleen op bestaande puistjes!)
 Volhouden: effect te verwachten vanaf 4-8W
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