BIO 160 SAMPLE FINAL EXAM

BIO 160 SAMPLE FINAL EXAM Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Sample exam questions: 1. The study of disease and how diseases effect the body is A. Hematology (study of tissues) B. Pathology (study of disease) C. Pharmacology (study of drugs/medication) D. Physiology (study of how the body functions) E. Oncology (study of cancer) 2. Which of the following would be the best example of homeostatic stability in the human body? A. Heart rate (needs to change with demand needs, such as exercise) B. Skin blood flow (needs to change to help regulate body temp) C. Depth of breathing (needs to change with demand; exercise, CO2 levels, blood pH) D. Arterial blood pressure (we want this maintained within a specific range so that we have enough pressure to deliver blood to the tissues) E. Urine production (needs to change with demand needs, such as increased water consumption or changes in plasma volume or osmolarity) **Other homeostatic parameters include body temperature, plasma osmolarity, blood calcium, blood pH. These are things we want to keep within a specific range, and we use effectors to maintain them. Effectors include muscle, blood vessels, sweat glands, other glands (we can send a motor signal to these effectors to bring our homeostatic parameter back to normal) 3. A news report describes a story about a surfer that was attacked by a great white shark while paddling in the ocean in Western Australia. The swimmer lost significant amounts of blood but survived. By definition, a physiologist would be most interested in which aspect of this injury? (see #1 for definition of each of these) A. Which muscles, arteries, and/or nerves were cut or damaged by the bite injury? B. Will microscopic images show tissue damage to blood vessels and nerves near the bite? C. How did adjustments to the heart and blood vessels act to maintain blood pressure? D. How many swimmers are attacked by sharks in the world each year? 4. In the regulation of body temperature, which of the following would be considered the effector(s)? A. Warm and cold sensing neurons of the dermis and epidermis (this is sensory info) B. Relay neurons in the spinal cord (not an effector, just a middle man between the brain and the effector) C. Hypothalamus in the brain (not an effector; receives information from the body) D. Blood vessels and sweat glands in the skin (we can use blood vessels and sweat glands to help maintain body temperature). An effector is a gland or organ (or muscle) used to return the body to homeostasis. 5. If the blood pressure in the carotid arteries of the neck decreases then the body will respond in order to bring arterial blood pressure back up towards normal. This is an example of . A. Positive feedback regulation of blood pressure B. Negative feedback regu