WGU C217 Study guide with Verified Solutions

WGU C217 Study guide with Verified Solutions what are the five characteristics of development life long, multidirectional, contexual, multidisciplinary, multidimensional what does it mean when development is lifelong? Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development; no age period dominates development Development is multidimensional Has biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions development is multidirectional Some dimensions expand and others shrink Development is plastic The capacity for change what does it mean when development is multidisciplinary Various areas of study have an interest in the field of development through the life span development is contextual All development occurs within a context, or setting (social, cultural, and historic factors) What is development by nature? refers to an organism's biological inheritance what is development by nurture? its environmental experiences example of development by nature beliefs that genetics is the cause. Personality learned by parents, homosexuality is genetic or out of someones control, health risks passed on from parent to child example of development by nurture Obestiy is caused by poor eating habits, homosexuality is a choice, education is learned by environmental aspects and not genetics what is development by continuity? change is gradual What is development by discontinuity? change is in distinct stages example of development by discontinuity an insect growing through distinct stages- caterpillar, chrysalis, butterfly example of development by continuity a child gradually learning to walk - crawl, stand, and then walk what is development by stability? we become older renditions of our early experience what is development by change? we develop into someone different from who we were at an earlier point example of development by stability being shy due to hereditary or experiences at a young age example of development by change personalities are modified by interactions among family and experiences what are the Psychoanalytic and Psychosocial Theories ? Freud and Erikson theory what are the cognitive theories? Piaget, Vygotsky, and information processing what are the Behavioral and Social Cognitive Theory Skinners Operant conditioning and Banduras Social cognitive model what are the Ecological Theory? Ethology and Ecological theory Freud Theory He thought that as children grow up, their focus of pleasure and sexual impulses shifts from the mouth to the anus and eventually to the genitals what are the stages of the Freud Theory oral, anal, phallic, latency, genitals what is the age span of the oral stage 0-1.5 years what is the age span of the anus stage? 1.5-3 years what is the age span of the phallic stage? 3-6 years what is the age span of the latency stage? 6 years-pubery what is the age span of the genital stage? puberty-onward what is Erikson's theory? eight stages of human development. Each stage consists of a developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis that must be resolved. What is the first stage of Eriksons theory? Trust vs Mistrust What is the second stage of Eriksons theory? Autonomy vs shame and doubt what is the third stage of Eriksons theory Initiative vs guilt what is the fourth stage of Eriksons theory competence vs inferiority What is the fifth stage of Eriksons theory Identity vs Role Confusion What is the sixth stage of Eriksons theory Intimacy vs isolation what is the seventh stage of Eriksons theory Generativity vs stagnation what is the eighth stage of Eriksons theory Ego integrity vs despair Piaget theory Theory stating that children actively construct their understanding of the world and go through four stages of cognitive development. What is the first stage of Piagets theory sensorimotor