---------------------- Cultural Psychology ----------------------
100 questions (100 oefenvragen)
1. What is the Ratchet effect?
a) People can constantly notice and make improvements
b) Basic human needs have been sharpened over the years
c) A set of basic psychological skills needed to fulfil needs, such as emotions
2. Culture consists of both subjective and objective elements. Food and art are?
a) subjective elements
b) objective elements
c) Food is an objective element and art is a subjective element
3. The term WEIRD stands for
a) Western, Educated, Intelligent, Reformed and Democratic cultures
b) White, Educated, Intelligent, Rich and Democratic cultures
c) Western, Enchanted, Industrialized, Reformed and Democratic cultures
d) Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic cultures
4. When would the Muller-Lyer illusion become stronger?
a) When someone is multi-cultural
b) When a population is more industrialized
c) When someone lives in a poor village
d) When someone lives in the city
5. Which theorist(s) examined cultural differences at the national level in the
Netherlands and developed a framework to classify cultural patterns at the national
level?
a) Markus & Kitayama
b) Gelfand
c) Hofstede
d) Triandis
6. The extent to which people develop ways of coping with the fear and stress of
uncertainty is called?
a) Long term orientation
b) Uncertainty avoidance
c) Masculinity/femininity
d) Power distance
7. Triandis created an extension on Hofstedes theory by looking at?
a) Cultural syndromes in groups
b) Cultural syndromes at the individual level
c) Cultural independence
1
, 8. In cross-cultural psychology there are roughly three types of studies. Which study
wants to look at whether an instrument developed in one culture is valid in another
culture?
a) Cross-cultural validation studies
b) Indigenous cultural studies
c) Cross-cultural comparison studies
9. Which of the following is not an example of a Construct Bias?
a) Happiness
b) Filial piety
c) Age groups
10. What is Equivalence?
a) The level of comparability across cultures/groups
b) A Bias showing that a question asked can have a different meaning in
different cultures
c) Everyone in the sample gets the same chances and opportunities
11. A bias about familiarity with the stimuli is called a(n)?
a) Sampling Bias
b) Instrument Bias
c) Item Bias
12. The metric sizes have the same unit of measurement and zero point
a) Construct equivalence
b) Measurement equivalence
c) Full score equivalence
13. What is Ethnocentrism?
a) People have different input of visual stimuli, yet we have the same
interpretations.
b) Is the cultural background, the shared experiences of people who have the
same descent, who preach the same language and who come from the same
area.
c) The phenomenon where we always take our own culture as a starting point to
judge the rest of the world and we always find our culture the best.
14. Which term corresponds to the following description? “The tendency to attribute
other people's behaviour to the person's personality or character and thus
underestimate the influence of situational factors”.
a) Cultural attribution error
b) Behavioral attribution error
c) Fundamental attribution error
2
, 15. Learning and internalizing rules and patterns of behavior that are affected by culture
is called?
a) Socialization
b) Enculturation
c) Modernization
16. Which system has the most influence on culture?
a) Mesosystem
b) Macrosystem
c) Microsystem
d) Exosystem
17. In which family structure is there no difference in emotional closeness?
a) Nuclear family
b) Extended family
c) Close family
18. Which theory tells us that cognitive development proceeds in stages?
a) The attachment theory
b) The social-cognitive theory
c) Piaget’s cognitive development theory
19. When parents are child-centered, have trust and acceptance and induction takes
place, the parents are?
a) Authoritarian
b) Neglectful
c) Authoritative
d) Permissive
20. Which prototypic eco-social context has less face-to-face contact but a lot of
physical contact?
a) Urban environments with a good income
b) Low-income, low-education farming environments
c) Urban environments with low-income
d) High-income farming environments
21. Children from interdependent context recognize themself later then autonomically
oriented context children
a) True
b) False
22. If we look at the Mirror self-recognition (MSR) in different countries. We see that
MSR goes up with age. In which country will the MSR probably develop slowest.
a) Berlin
b) Hong Kong
c) Cameroon
3
100 questions (100 oefenvragen)
1. What is the Ratchet effect?
a) People can constantly notice and make improvements
b) Basic human needs have been sharpened over the years
c) A set of basic psychological skills needed to fulfil needs, such as emotions
2. Culture consists of both subjective and objective elements. Food and art are?
a) subjective elements
b) objective elements
c) Food is an objective element and art is a subjective element
3. The term WEIRD stands for
a) Western, Educated, Intelligent, Reformed and Democratic cultures
b) White, Educated, Intelligent, Rich and Democratic cultures
c) Western, Enchanted, Industrialized, Reformed and Democratic cultures
d) Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic cultures
4. When would the Muller-Lyer illusion become stronger?
a) When someone is multi-cultural
b) When a population is more industrialized
c) When someone lives in a poor village
d) When someone lives in the city
5. Which theorist(s) examined cultural differences at the national level in the
Netherlands and developed a framework to classify cultural patterns at the national
level?
a) Markus & Kitayama
b) Gelfand
c) Hofstede
d) Triandis
6. The extent to which people develop ways of coping with the fear and stress of
uncertainty is called?
a) Long term orientation
b) Uncertainty avoidance
c) Masculinity/femininity
d) Power distance
7. Triandis created an extension on Hofstedes theory by looking at?
a) Cultural syndromes in groups
b) Cultural syndromes at the individual level
c) Cultural independence
1
, 8. In cross-cultural psychology there are roughly three types of studies. Which study
wants to look at whether an instrument developed in one culture is valid in another
culture?
a) Cross-cultural validation studies
b) Indigenous cultural studies
c) Cross-cultural comparison studies
9. Which of the following is not an example of a Construct Bias?
a) Happiness
b) Filial piety
c) Age groups
10. What is Equivalence?
a) The level of comparability across cultures/groups
b) A Bias showing that a question asked can have a different meaning in
different cultures
c) Everyone in the sample gets the same chances and opportunities
11. A bias about familiarity with the stimuli is called a(n)?
a) Sampling Bias
b) Instrument Bias
c) Item Bias
12. The metric sizes have the same unit of measurement and zero point
a) Construct equivalence
b) Measurement equivalence
c) Full score equivalence
13. What is Ethnocentrism?
a) People have different input of visual stimuli, yet we have the same
interpretations.
b) Is the cultural background, the shared experiences of people who have the
same descent, who preach the same language and who come from the same
area.
c) The phenomenon where we always take our own culture as a starting point to
judge the rest of the world and we always find our culture the best.
14. Which term corresponds to the following description? “The tendency to attribute
other people's behaviour to the person's personality or character and thus
underestimate the influence of situational factors”.
a) Cultural attribution error
b) Behavioral attribution error
c) Fundamental attribution error
2
, 15. Learning and internalizing rules and patterns of behavior that are affected by culture
is called?
a) Socialization
b) Enculturation
c) Modernization
16. Which system has the most influence on culture?
a) Mesosystem
b) Macrosystem
c) Microsystem
d) Exosystem
17. In which family structure is there no difference in emotional closeness?
a) Nuclear family
b) Extended family
c) Close family
18. Which theory tells us that cognitive development proceeds in stages?
a) The attachment theory
b) The social-cognitive theory
c) Piaget’s cognitive development theory
19. When parents are child-centered, have trust and acceptance and induction takes
place, the parents are?
a) Authoritarian
b) Neglectful
c) Authoritative
d) Permissive
20. Which prototypic eco-social context has less face-to-face contact but a lot of
physical contact?
a) Urban environments with a good income
b) Low-income, low-education farming environments
c) Urban environments with low-income
d) High-income farming environments
21. Children from interdependent context recognize themself later then autonomically
oriented context children
a) True
b) False
22. If we look at the Mirror self-recognition (MSR) in different countries. We see that
MSR goes up with age. In which country will the MSR probably develop slowest.
a) Berlin
b) Hong Kong
c) Cameroon
3
