Biochemistry WGU Questions And Answers 2022

RNA polymerase - Answer - Enzyme that facilitates transcription Transcription - Answer - synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template Ribosome - Answer - Large macromolecular complex where proteins are synthesized tRNA (transfer RNA) - Answer - Form of RNA that is complementary to mRNA. Has a neucleotide anticodon on one end and an amino acid in the other. Translation - Answer - decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain Coding strand (DNA) - Answer - The original strand off which the new nucleotide sequence is based. Almost the same as mRNA template strand (DNA) - Answer - The strand mRNA uses to make a copy. Complementary to mRNA missense mutation - Answer - base substitution results in change in an amino acid nonsense mutation - Answer - changes a normal codon into a stop codon silent mutation - Answer - change in DNA that codes for the same amino acid Replication - Answer - process of copying DNA prior to cell division DNA polymerase III - Answer - synthesizes new DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction Needs a primer to start polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Answer - Copying DNA in lab. Used to study/diagnose PCR needs - Answer - Target DNA dNTPs (deoxyneucleotides) DNA primers Taq polymerase (stable at high temps) Helicase - Answer - An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.