OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
5.Because of the effect of cyclic ovarian changes on the breast, the best time for breast self-
examination (BSE) is:
a. 5 to 7 days after menses ceases. c. Midmenstrual cycle.
b. Day 1 of the endometrial cycle. d. Any time during a shower or bath.
ANS: A
The physiologic alterations in breast size and activity reach their minimal level about 5 to 7
days after menstruation stops. All women should perform BSE during this phase of the
menstrual cycle.
6.Menstruation is periodic uterine bleeding:
a. That occurs every 28 days.
b. In which the entire uterine lining is shed.
c. That is regulated by ovarian hormones.
d. That leads to fertilization.
ANS: C
Menstruation is periodic uterine bleeding that is controlled by a feedback system involving
three cycles: endometrial, hypothalamic-pituitary, and ovarian. The average length of a
menstrual cycle is 28 days, but variations are normal. During the endometrial cycle, the
functional two thirds of the endometrium is shed. Lack of fertilization leads to
menstruation.
22.The stimulated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone is
part of the:
a. Menstrual cycle. c. Ovarian cycle.
b. Endometrial cycle. d. Hypothalamic-pituitary cycle.
ANS: D
The menstrual, endometrial, and ovarian cycles are interconnected. However, the cyclic
release of hormones is the function of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.
3.A couple comes in for an infertility workup, having attempted to get pregnant for 2 years. The
woman, 37, has always had irregular menstrual cycles but is otherwise healthy. The man
has fathered two children from a previous marriage and had a vasectomy reversal 2 years
ago. The man has had two normal semen analyses, but the sperm seem to be clumped
together. What additional test is needed?
a. Testicular biopsy
b. Antisperm antibodies
c. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level
d. Examination for testicular infection
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
ANS: C
The woman has irregular menstrual cycles. The scenario does not indicate that she has had
any testing related to this irregularity. Hormone analysis is performed to assess endocrine
function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis when menstrual cycles are absent or
irregular. Determination of blood levels of prolactin, FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH),
estradiol, progesterone, and thyroid hormones may be necessary to diagnose the cause of
irregular menstrual cycles. A testicular biopsy would be indicated only in cases of
azoospermia (no sperm cells) or severe oligospermia (low number of sperm cells).
Antisperm antibodies are produced by a man against his own sperm. This is unlikely to be
the case here because the man has already produced children. Examination for testicular
infection would be done before semen analysis. Infection would affect spermatogenesis.
1.The two primary functions of the ovary are:
a. Normal female development and sex hormone release.
b. Ovulation and internal pelvic support.
c. Sexual response and ovulation.
d. Ovulation and hormone production.
ANS: D
The two functions of the ovaries are ovulation and hormone production. The presence of
ovaries does not guarantee normal female development. The ovaries produce estrogen,
progesterone, and androgen. Ovulation is the release of a mature ovum from the ovary; the
ovaries are not responsible for internal pelvic support. Sexual response is a feedback
mechanism involving the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and the ovaries.
Ovulation does occur in the ovaries.
19.The female reproductive organ(s) responsible for cyclic menstruation is/are the:
a. Uterus. c. Vaginal vestibule.
b. Ovaries. d. Urethra.
ANS: A
The uterus is responsible for cyclic menstruation. It also houses and nourishes the fertilized
ovum and the fetus. The ovaries are responsible for ovulation and production of estrogen;
the uterus is responsible for cyclic menstruation. The vaginal vestibule is an external organ
that has openings to the urethra and vagina; the uterus is responsible for cyclic
menstruation. The urethra is not a reproductive organ, although it is found in the area.
11.The nurse guides a woman to the examination room and asks her to remove her clothes and
put on an examination gown with the front open. The woman states, “I have special
undergarments that I do not remove for religious reasons.” The most appropriate response
from the nurse would be:
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
a. “You can’t have an examination without removing all your clothes.”
b. “I’ll ask the doctor to modify the examination.”
c. “Tell me about your undergarments. I’ll explain the examination procedure,
and then we can discuss how you can have your examination comfortably.”
d. “What? I’ve never heard of such a thing! That sounds different and strange.”
ANS: C
This statement reflects cultural competence by the nurse and shows respect for the
woman’s religious practices. The nurse must respect the rich and unique qualities that
cultural diversity brings to individuals. In recognizing the value of these differences, the
nurse can modify the plan of care to meet the needs of each woman.
17.A woman who is 6 months pregnant has sought medical attention, saying she fell down the
stairs. What scenario would cause an emergency department nurse to suspect that the
woman has been a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV)?
a. The woman and her partner are having an argument that is loud and hostile.
b. The woman has injuries on various parts of her body that are in different
stages of healing.
c. Examination reveals a fractured arm and fresh bruises.
d. She avoids making eye contact and is hesitant to answer questions.
ANS: B
The patient may have multiple injuries in various stages of healing that indicates a pattern
of violence. An argument is not always an indication of battering. A fractured arm and
fresh bruises could be caused by the reported fall and doesn’t necessarily indicate IPV. . It
is normal for the woman to have a flat affect.
27.A patient at 24 weeks of gestation says she has a glass of wine with dinner every evening. The
nurse will counsel her to eliminate all alcohol intake because:
a. A daily consumption of alcohol indicates a risk for alcoholism.
b. She will be at risk for abusing other substances as well.
c. The fetus is placed at risk for altered brain growth.
d. The fetus is at risk for multiple organ anomalies.
ANS: C
There is no period during pregnancy when it is safe to consume alcohol. The documented
effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy include mental retardation, learning
disabilities, high activity level, and short attention span. The brain grows most rapidly in
the third trimester and is vulnerable to alcohol exposure during this time. Abuse of other
substances has not been linked to alcohol use.
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
35.Despite warnings, prenatal exposure to alcohol continues to exceed by far exposure to illicit
drugs. A diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is made when there are visible markers
in each of three categories. Which is category is not associated with a diagnosis of FAS?
a. Respiratory conditions c. CNS abnormality
b. Impaired growth d. Craniofacial dysmorphologies
ANS: A
Respiratory difficulties are not a category of conditions that are related to FAS.
Abnormalities related to FAS include organ deformities, genital malformations, and kidney
and urinary defects. Impaired growth is a visible marker for FAS. CNS abnormalities with
neurologic and intellectual impairments are categories used to assist in the diagnosis of
FAS. An infant with FAS manifests at least two craniofacial abnormalities, such as
microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, poorly developed philtrum, thin upper lip, or
flattening of the maxilla.
1.A woman arrives at the clinic seeking confirmation that she is pregnant. The following
information is obtained: She is 24 years old with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5. She
admits to having used cocaine “several times” during the past year and drinks alcohol
occasionally. Her blood pressure (BP) is 108/70 mm Hg, her pulse rate is 72 beats/min, and
her respiratory rate is 16 breaths/min. The family history is positive for diabetes mellitus
and cancer. Her sister recently gave birth to an infant with a neural tube defect (NTD).
Which characteristics place the woman in a high risk category?
a. Blood pressure, age, BMI
b. Drug/alcohol use, age, family history
c. Family history, blood pressure, BMI
d. Family history, BMI, drug/alcohol abuse
ANS: D
Her family history of NTD, low BMI, and substance abuse all are high risk factors of
pregnancy. The woman’s BP is normal, and her age does not put her at risk. Her BMI is
low and may indicate poor nutritional status, which would be a high risk. The woman’s
drug/alcohol use and family history put her in a high risk category, but her age does not.
The woman’s family history puts her in a high risk category. Her BMI is low and may
indicate poor nutritional status, which would be high risk. Her BP is normal.
26.A pregnant woman presents in labor at term, having had no prenatal care. After birth her
infant is noted to be small for gestational age with small eyes and a thin upper lip. The
infant also is microcephalic. On the basis of her infant’s physical findings, this woman
should be questioned about her use of which substance during pregnancy?
a. Alcohol c. Heroin
b. Cocaine d. Marijuana
5.Because of the effect of cyclic ovarian changes on the breast, the best time for breast self-
examination (BSE) is:
a. 5 to 7 days after menses ceases. c. Midmenstrual cycle.
b. Day 1 of the endometrial cycle. d. Any time during a shower or bath.
ANS: A
The physiologic alterations in breast size and activity reach their minimal level about 5 to 7
days after menstruation stops. All women should perform BSE during this phase of the
menstrual cycle.
6.Menstruation is periodic uterine bleeding:
a. That occurs every 28 days.
b. In which the entire uterine lining is shed.
c. That is regulated by ovarian hormones.
d. That leads to fertilization.
ANS: C
Menstruation is periodic uterine bleeding that is controlled by a feedback system involving
three cycles: endometrial, hypothalamic-pituitary, and ovarian. The average length of a
menstrual cycle is 28 days, but variations are normal. During the endometrial cycle, the
functional two thirds of the endometrium is shed. Lack of fertilization leads to
menstruation.
22.The stimulated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone is
part of the:
a. Menstrual cycle. c. Ovarian cycle.
b. Endometrial cycle. d. Hypothalamic-pituitary cycle.
ANS: D
The menstrual, endometrial, and ovarian cycles are interconnected. However, the cyclic
release of hormones is the function of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.
3.A couple comes in for an infertility workup, having attempted to get pregnant for 2 years. The
woman, 37, has always had irregular menstrual cycles but is otherwise healthy. The man
has fathered two children from a previous marriage and had a vasectomy reversal 2 years
ago. The man has had two normal semen analyses, but the sperm seem to be clumped
together. What additional test is needed?
a. Testicular biopsy
b. Antisperm antibodies
c. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level
d. Examination for testicular infection
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
ANS: C
The woman has irregular menstrual cycles. The scenario does not indicate that she has had
any testing related to this irregularity. Hormone analysis is performed to assess endocrine
function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis when menstrual cycles are absent or
irregular. Determination of blood levels of prolactin, FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH),
estradiol, progesterone, and thyroid hormones may be necessary to diagnose the cause of
irregular menstrual cycles. A testicular biopsy would be indicated only in cases of
azoospermia (no sperm cells) or severe oligospermia (low number of sperm cells).
Antisperm antibodies are produced by a man against his own sperm. This is unlikely to be
the case here because the man has already produced children. Examination for testicular
infection would be done before semen analysis. Infection would affect spermatogenesis.
1.The two primary functions of the ovary are:
a. Normal female development and sex hormone release.
b. Ovulation and internal pelvic support.
c. Sexual response and ovulation.
d. Ovulation and hormone production.
ANS: D
The two functions of the ovaries are ovulation and hormone production. The presence of
ovaries does not guarantee normal female development. The ovaries produce estrogen,
progesterone, and androgen. Ovulation is the release of a mature ovum from the ovary; the
ovaries are not responsible for internal pelvic support. Sexual response is a feedback
mechanism involving the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and the ovaries.
Ovulation does occur in the ovaries.
19.The female reproductive organ(s) responsible for cyclic menstruation is/are the:
a. Uterus. c. Vaginal vestibule.
b. Ovaries. d. Urethra.
ANS: A
The uterus is responsible for cyclic menstruation. It also houses and nourishes the fertilized
ovum and the fetus. The ovaries are responsible for ovulation and production of estrogen;
the uterus is responsible for cyclic menstruation. The vaginal vestibule is an external organ
that has openings to the urethra and vagina; the uterus is responsible for cyclic
menstruation. The urethra is not a reproductive organ, although it is found in the area.
11.The nurse guides a woman to the examination room and asks her to remove her clothes and
put on an examination gown with the front open. The woman states, “I have special
undergarments that I do not remove for religious reasons.” The most appropriate response
from the nurse would be:
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
a. “You can’t have an examination without removing all your clothes.”
b. “I’ll ask the doctor to modify the examination.”
c. “Tell me about your undergarments. I’ll explain the examination procedure,
and then we can discuss how you can have your examination comfortably.”
d. “What? I’ve never heard of such a thing! That sounds different and strange.”
ANS: C
This statement reflects cultural competence by the nurse and shows respect for the
woman’s religious practices. The nurse must respect the rich and unique qualities that
cultural diversity brings to individuals. In recognizing the value of these differences, the
nurse can modify the plan of care to meet the needs of each woman.
17.A woman who is 6 months pregnant has sought medical attention, saying she fell down the
stairs. What scenario would cause an emergency department nurse to suspect that the
woman has been a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV)?
a. The woman and her partner are having an argument that is loud and hostile.
b. The woman has injuries on various parts of her body that are in different
stages of healing.
c. Examination reveals a fractured arm and fresh bruises.
d. She avoids making eye contact and is hesitant to answer questions.
ANS: B
The patient may have multiple injuries in various stages of healing that indicates a pattern
of violence. An argument is not always an indication of battering. A fractured arm and
fresh bruises could be caused by the reported fall and doesn’t necessarily indicate IPV. . It
is normal for the woman to have a flat affect.
27.A patient at 24 weeks of gestation says she has a glass of wine with dinner every evening. The
nurse will counsel her to eliminate all alcohol intake because:
a. A daily consumption of alcohol indicates a risk for alcoholism.
b. She will be at risk for abusing other substances as well.
c. The fetus is placed at risk for altered brain growth.
d. The fetus is at risk for multiple organ anomalies.
ANS: C
There is no period during pregnancy when it is safe to consume alcohol. The documented
effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy include mental retardation, learning
disabilities, high activity level, and short attention span. The brain grows most rapidly in
the third trimester and is vulnerable to alcohol exposure during this time. Abuse of other
substances has not been linked to alcohol use.
, OB/PEDS FINAL TEST
35.Despite warnings, prenatal exposure to alcohol continues to exceed by far exposure to illicit
drugs. A diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is made when there are visible markers
in each of three categories. Which is category is not associated with a diagnosis of FAS?
a. Respiratory conditions c. CNS abnormality
b. Impaired growth d. Craniofacial dysmorphologies
ANS: A
Respiratory difficulties are not a category of conditions that are related to FAS.
Abnormalities related to FAS include organ deformities, genital malformations, and kidney
and urinary defects. Impaired growth is a visible marker for FAS. CNS abnormalities with
neurologic and intellectual impairments are categories used to assist in the diagnosis of
FAS. An infant with FAS manifests at least two craniofacial abnormalities, such as
microcephaly, short palpebral fissures, poorly developed philtrum, thin upper lip, or
flattening of the maxilla.
1.A woman arrives at the clinic seeking confirmation that she is pregnant. The following
information is obtained: She is 24 years old with a body mass index (BMI) of 17.5. She
admits to having used cocaine “several times” during the past year and drinks alcohol
occasionally. Her blood pressure (BP) is 108/70 mm Hg, her pulse rate is 72 beats/min, and
her respiratory rate is 16 breaths/min. The family history is positive for diabetes mellitus
and cancer. Her sister recently gave birth to an infant with a neural tube defect (NTD).
Which characteristics place the woman in a high risk category?
a. Blood pressure, age, BMI
b. Drug/alcohol use, age, family history
c. Family history, blood pressure, BMI
d. Family history, BMI, drug/alcohol abuse
ANS: D
Her family history of NTD, low BMI, and substance abuse all are high risk factors of
pregnancy. The woman’s BP is normal, and her age does not put her at risk. Her BMI is
low and may indicate poor nutritional status, which would be a high risk. The woman’s
drug/alcohol use and family history put her in a high risk category, but her age does not.
The woman’s family history puts her in a high risk category. Her BMI is low and may
indicate poor nutritional status, which would be high risk. Her BP is normal.
26.A pregnant woman presents in labor at term, having had no prenatal care. After birth her
infant is noted to be small for gestational age with small eyes and a thin upper lip. The
infant also is microcephalic. On the basis of her infant’s physical findings, this woman
should be questioned about her use of which substance during pregnancy?
a. Alcohol c. Heroin
b. Cocaine d. Marijuana
