Final Exam -Nr222 Study Guide

NR 222 Key Concepts Chapters Models of health • Health Belief Model – this model helps in the understanding of factors influencing patient’s perception, beliefs, and behavior to plan care that will most effectively assist individuals in maintaining and restoring health and preventing illness. o Perception of illness o Serious of illness o Likelihood the person will take preventative actions Which interact with the environment to determine a person’s motivation, attitudes, and actions to engage in health-promoting behaviors. • Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs – used by nurse to understand the interrelationships of basic human needs. The higher ordered needs can only be met when the ones beneath have been met satisfactorily: self – actualization, self­esteem needs, love and belonging needs, safety and security needs (physical and psychological), and physiological needs. • Holistic Model – that view health by considering emotional, spiritual, and cultural well being, this model of nursing understands the natural healing abilities of the body and accepts alternative and complementary ideas to maintain wellness and achieve health and healing. (ex. Patients are involved in healing process) • Transtheoretical Model of Change – the process of intentional behavior change. It is a widely used model in smoking cessation programs. A person must move from one stage to the other before lasting change occurs. • Clinical model – the absence and illness by conspicuous presence of signs and symptoms of disease (not going to the doctor until the individual is very ill) • Eudaimonistic Model – Exuberant well being indicates optimal health • Basic human needs model – attempts to meet the patients basic needs • Adaptive model – Ability to adjust to social, mental and physiological changes in the measure of the individual’s health • Role performance model – (sick role) individual ability to perform social roles • Health promotion model – directed at increasing a patients level of well-being; complimentary counterpart to models of health protection o individual characters/experiences o behavior specific knowledge and effects o behavioral outcomes • Medical model of health – indicating the assumption that abnormal; behavior is the result of physical problems and should be treated medically. Edelman Chapter1 Definition of Health Health is defined differently based on an individual's beliefs about the meaning of wellness. • more than an absence of disease; ability to fulfill roles; adaption and rxn to environment; is a state of being that people define in relation to their own values; personality and lifestyle Unit 1 Homelessness ▪ Homelessness is a major public health issue. According to public health organizations, absolute homelessness describes people without physical shelter who sleep outdoors, in vehicles, in abandoned buildings, or in other places not intended for human habitation. o homeless people are at a higher risk of being exposed to disease, violence, unsanitary conditions, malnutrition, stress, and addictive substances. o Many diseases, including heart disease, cancer, liver disease, kidney disease, skin infections, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, are common among the homeless population Edelman Chapter2 Cultural Competence ▪ Contributes to mitigating health disparities and increases the likelihood of diagnosing diseases that would most likely affect a given culture. ▪ Is delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health behavior. ▪ Respects the underlying personal and cultural reality of individuals ▪ The process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of culturally congruent care. o ASKED 1. Culture awareness 2. Culture knowledge 3. Culture skills 4. Culture encounters 5. Culture desire Edelman Chapter 2 SNAP supplements the food-buying power of eligible low-income households and is the foundation of the nations’ nutrition safety net through electronic benefit transfer EBT. Edelman Chapter 11