NST1502 Assignment 2 2023 Answers, guidelines, workings and references. ............................................................ QUESTION 1 Use the words in the box below to complete the missing words. 1. Name a scientist’s first step in the scientific method. _____________________ 2. An example of an observation that a scientist might make. _____________________ 3. Scientists use their ______________to make observations. 4. A hypothesis must be _____________ and it _____________ an outcome. [10] QUESTION 2 2.1 Define the following terms: a. Matter b. Element c. Atom d. Protons e. Molecules f. Atomic number g. Periodic table h. Chemical bond testable; when something is unusual or different from the norm; eyes; ask good questions; predicts 14 i. Hydrogen bond j. Compound bond k. Ionic bond [22] QUESTION 3 3.1 Differentiate between a plant and an animal cell in table format. (10) 3.2 A cell is made up of different organelles. List four organelles and their functions. (8) 3.3 Differentiate between endocytosis and exocytosis. (2) 3.4 Use a diagram to distinguish between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion. (10) [30] QUESTION 4 4.1 Choose the correct answer for the statements below: 4.1.1 What is the name of a double layer of phospholipids (called lipid bilayer)? a. the plasma membrane b. the cellulose cell wall c. the cell membrane 4.1.2 Where is the location of the plasma membrane? a. surrounding the cell b. in the cytoplasm c. in the cell wall 4.1.3 What is the function of the cell membrane? a. It gives the cell shape and protection and it regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell. b. It makes protein and produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP). NST1502/101 15 c. it produces food and protein. 4.1.4 What is the function of the mitochondria and its location? a. It produces ATP; in the cytoplasm. b. It breaks down food and foreign material; in the cytoplasm. c. It produces protein and foreign materials. 4.1.5 What is the function and location of the Golgi apparatus? a. It appears throughout the cell; protein synthesis. b. It modifies, packages and exports; cytoplasm. c. It breaks down food and protein. 4.1.6 What is the function and location of the chloroplast? a. Major role of green pigmentation and cell division; close to the nucleus b. Photosynthesis and green pigment; in the cytoplasm c. It opens to the nucleus. 4.1.7 What is the function and location of the nucleus? a. It is the brain of the cell; middle of the cell. b. It is the control centre; close to the mitochondria control center. c. It controls everything in the body. 4.1.8 Which is longer – the cillia or the flagella? a. the flagella b. the cillia 4.1.9 Organelles associated with energy conversions are called … a. mitochondria. b. ribosomes. c. Cytoplasm [18] 16 QUESTION 5 The scientific method is used in all sciences, including psychology, physics, geology and chemistry. The scientists in these fields ask different questions and perform different tests. Show some insight in the scientific method by applying its steps to the practical problem given below. Also include drawings/diagrams in each step. 5.1 You are preparing breakfast in the morning. You put two slices of bread in the toaster and press the button. But your bread does not toast.
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