ORBITA !:S & ELECTRONS
ÉÉÉ
^
n = 4
"
n
= 2
n
= 1 . - -
↳illustrates energy levels of sub shells d and 4 in
s, p , quantum
I. 2,3 and 4- Shows how 3d is
shell higher in
energy than 4s .
S ORBITALS
2
2,4 & right angles
•
× axis at mutual
4 •
90% chance of finding electron
P ORBITALS
elongated
z
dumbbell
◦
¥ fᵈ
y
¥ variable charge density
◦
& %
-
☒
90 % chance of electron
•
'
Px P2 Py
• •
◦
3 s sub shells each hold 2
◦
-
,
When filling up orbitals , we will the lowest
energy levels first .
↳ but each sub shell in an orbital filled with one electron first to
minimise repulsion from spin pairing .
e. 9 Zp filled up like this :
I ↑ I /↑ I / ↑ I
ÉÉÉ
^
n = 4
"
n
= 2
n
= 1 . - -
↳illustrates energy levels of sub shells d and 4 in
s, p , quantum
I. 2,3 and 4- Shows how 3d is
shell higher in
energy than 4s .
S ORBITALS
2
2,4 & right angles
•
× axis at mutual
4 •
90% chance of finding electron
P ORBITALS
elongated
z
dumbbell
◦
¥ fᵈ
y
¥ variable charge density
◦
& %
-
☒
90 % chance of electron
•
'
Px P2 Py
• •
◦
3 s sub shells each hold 2
◦
-
,
When filling up orbitals , we will the lowest
energy levels first .
↳ but each sub shell in an orbital filled with one electron first to
minimise repulsion from spin pairing .
e. 9 Zp filled up like this :
I ↑ I /↑ I / ↑ I
