Running head: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1
WESTERN GOVERNORS UNIVERSITY
Anatomy & Physiology I
Name
Institutional Affiliations
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
Part A:
1. Imagine you are being chased through the woods by a hungry bear;
a) Being chased by a hungry bear through the woods would automatically trigger the effect
of the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system would, in turn,
engage the secretion and release of the fight and flight hormone, otherwise called
adrenaline hormone (Macone & Otis, 2018). The secretion of adrenaline hormone would
then initiate a cascade of events that affect specific body organs including the soft and the
skeletal muscles.
b) The sympathetic nervous system triggered by the incident of the chase by a hungry bear
would cause fight and flight activities across different body parts;
i. The eyes are directly affected by the adrenaline hormone in the process above.
The anatomical effect on eyes is multivariate. For instance, there is a typical
manifestation of dilated pupils because of fear, anxiety, and confusion. The rate of
blinking would naturally reduce to allow enough attention to the predator; the
hungry bear. The increased release of adrenaline can cause more dilation of the
pupils to enhance tunnel vision in case the light is limited (Beetz & Hein, 2009).
ii. The skin will also be affected in many ways because of the adrenaline surge. For
instance, sweating profusely will be detected. Sweating is a manifestation of fear
and anxiety (Beetz & Hein, 2009). Furthermore, running fast and the increased
heart bit means body activity is high. Thus the escalated rate of sweating on the
skin to relieve the increased body temperature.
iii. The respiratory system will also be significantly affected. Fight and flight
hormone triggers the movement of smooth and skeletal muscles, and this needs
WESTERN GOVERNORS UNIVERSITY
Anatomy & Physiology I
Name
Institutional Affiliations
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
Part A:
1. Imagine you are being chased through the woods by a hungry bear;
a) Being chased by a hungry bear through the woods would automatically trigger the effect
of the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system would, in turn,
engage the secretion and release of the fight and flight hormone, otherwise called
adrenaline hormone (Macone & Otis, 2018). The secretion of adrenaline hormone would
then initiate a cascade of events that affect specific body organs including the soft and the
skeletal muscles.
b) The sympathetic nervous system triggered by the incident of the chase by a hungry bear
would cause fight and flight activities across different body parts;
i. The eyes are directly affected by the adrenaline hormone in the process above.
The anatomical effect on eyes is multivariate. For instance, there is a typical
manifestation of dilated pupils because of fear, anxiety, and confusion. The rate of
blinking would naturally reduce to allow enough attention to the predator; the
hungry bear. The increased release of adrenaline can cause more dilation of the
pupils to enhance tunnel vision in case the light is limited (Beetz & Hein, 2009).
ii. The skin will also be affected in many ways because of the adrenaline surge. For
instance, sweating profusely will be detected. Sweating is a manifestation of fear
and anxiety (Beetz & Hein, 2009). Furthermore, running fast and the increased
heart bit means body activity is high. Thus the escalated rate of sweating on the
skin to relieve the increased body temperature.
iii. The respiratory system will also be significantly affected. Fight and flight
hormone triggers the movement of smooth and skeletal muscles, and this needs
