PATHO 370 FINAL EXAM 2022

PATHO370 FINAL EXAM 2022 Question I1 UncontrolledImassiveIbleedingIcausesIwhatItypeIofIshock? Correct Answer: Hypovolemic Response IFeedback : HypovolemicI(low-volume)IshockIoccurs IinItheIpresenceIofImassiveIbloodIlossIwhen ItheIamountIofIbloodIavailableIforIcirculationIdecreases. ICardiogenicIshockIisIusuallyaI IresultIofIsevereIventricularIdysfunctionIassociatedIwithImyocardial Iinfarction. OtherIcausesIincludeIcardiomyopathy,IventricularIrupture,IandIcongenital Iheart Idefects.INeurogenicIshockIresultsIfromIdepressionIofItheIvasomotorIcenterIinIthe ImedullaIorIfromIinterruptionIofIsympathetic InerveIfibersIinItheIspinal Icord.ICausesIof IneurogenicIshockIincludeIbrainItrauma IthatIresultsIinIdepressionIofItheIvasomotor Icenter,Ispinal IcordIinjury,IhighIspinal Ianesthesia,IandIdrugIoverdose.ISepticIshock Icommonly IisIassociatedIwithIGram-negative Iinfections. Question I2 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints InIextrinsicIasthmaItheIimmuneIsystemIrespondsItoItheIpresenceIofIallergens IbyIcausing Selected Answer: Bronchoconstriction Correct Answer: Bronchoconstriction Response IFeedback : Vagal IstimulationIleadsItoIedema,Imucus Ihypersecretion,IandIbronchoconstriction. IAsthmaIresultsIinIbronchoconstriction. ISomeIpatientsIhaveIonlyIaIchronicIdryIcough, IandIothersIhaveIaIproductiveIcough.IEspeciallyIinIchildren,IcoughIisIoftenItheIearliest IsignIofIexacerbationIofIasthma.IHypertrophy IofImucosal IglandsIandIgobletIcells IleadsItoIincreasedImucous Iproduction;ItheImucusIthenIcombinesIwithIpurulent IexudateItoIformIbronchial Iplugs. Question I3 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints AIpatientIreports IaIsensationIofIpressureIwithinItheIvagina.IOnIexamination,IanIanteriorIbulgeIis Inoted.IThisIfindingIsupportsIaIdiagnosisIof Selected I I I Answer: Cystocele Correct I I I I I Answer: Cystocele Response IFeedback : AIcystoceleImay IresultIfromIweaknessIinItheIvaginal ImusculatureIthatIallowsIthe Iurinary IbladderItoIprotrudeIintoItheIanteriorIofItheIvagina.IRetrodisplacementIofIthe Iuterus IinvolvesItheIbodyIofItheIuterusIbeingIflexedIorIrotatedIintoItheIposteriorIofIthe Ipelvis.IUterineIprolapseIoccursIwhenIsupportingIpelvicIstructures IrelaxIandItheIcervix IsagsIdownwardIintoItheIvagina.IAIrectoceleImayIresultIfromIweaknessIinIthe IposteriorIvaginal ImusculatureIthatIallowsItheIrectumItoIprotrudeIintoItheIvagina. Question I4 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints AI6-year-old IboyIpresents IwithIpolyarthritis.IHisIparentsIreportInoIpastImedical IhistoryIexceptIforIa IsoreIthroatI6IweeksIpreviously.IOnIphysical Iexamination, IaImurmurIisInoted.ITheIassessment Idata IsupportIaIdiagnosisIof Selected Answer: AcuteIrheumaticIfever Correct Answer: AcuteIrheumaticIfever Response IFeedback : ThisIchildImostIlikelyIhasIacuteIrheumatic Ifever.IItImostIcommonlyIaffectsIthoseI5Ito I20Iyears Iold.IItIisIanIinflammatory IdiseaseIfollowingIβ-hemolyticIgroupIA Istreptococcal Ipharyngeal Iinfection.IThe IincubationIperiodIisI2ItoI6Iweeks.ICarditisIis IcommonIinIchildren.IRheumatoidIarthritis IcommonlyIaffectsIwomen,IwithIaIpeak IincidenceIinItheIfourthItoIsixthIdecadeIofIlife.IArthritisIwithILymeIdiseaseIcanIoccur, IbutIgenerallyIitIaffectsItheIkneeIandIaIlargeIeffusionIisIpresent.IThisIoccurs Isecondary ItoIaItickIbite.IReiterIsyndrome IisIgenerallyIfoundIafterIanIinfectionIofIthe Igastrointestinal Itract. Question I5 WhichItermIisIusedItoIdescribeItheIdeficiencyIinIcirculatingIplatelets? Selected Answer: Thrombocytopeni a 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints Correct Answer: Thrombocytopeni a Response IFeedback : ThrombocytopeniaIisIaIdeficiencyIinIcirculationIplatelets,IwhichIareIimportant Imediators IofIbloodIclotting.Anemia I IisIaIdeficiencyIofIcirculatingIredIbloodIcells. ILeukopeniaIisIaIdecreaseIinIwhiteIbloodIcells.ILeukocytosisIisIanIincreaseIin IcirculatingIwhiteIbloodIcells. Question I6 WhichIbestIdefinesIsystolicIbloodIpressure? Selected Answer: IsItheIsoleIfunctionIofIaorticIcompliance Correct Answer: OccursIduringIventricularIcontraction 0 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints Response IFeedback : SystolicIbloodIpressure Ioccurs IduringIventricularIcontractionIandIisIaIfunctionIof IvolumeIejectedIandItheIcomplianceIofItheIaorta.ITheIdiastolicIbloodIpressureIoccurs IduringIpassiveIelasticIrecoil IofItheIaortaIandIisIanIaverage IofI70ImmIHg.IThe IdiastolicIbloodIpressure IoccursIduringIpassiveIelasticIrecoil IofItheIaorta.ISystolic IbloodIpressure IisIaIfunctionIofIvolumeIejectedIandItheIcomplianceIofItheIaorta,Iand Iaverages I120ImmIHg. Question I7 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints Acharacteristic I IofIbenignIprostaticIhypertrophyIincludesIwhichIofItheIfollowing?I(SelectIall Ithat Iapply.) Selected I Answers: Hesitancy WeakIurineIflow Correct IncompleteIbladderIemptying Answers: Hesitancy WeakIurineIflow Response IFeedback : IncompleteIbladderIemptying Symptoms IofIbenignIprostaticIhypertrophy IincludeIhesitancy,IdiminishedIforceIofthe I Iurinary Istream,IandIpoorIbladderIemptying.IProstatitisIisIcharacterized IbyIurgency IandIlowIbackIpain. Question I8 0.05 IoutIofI0.05 Ipoints Clinical ImanifestationsIofIcystitisIincludeIwhichIofItheIfollowing?I(SelectIall IthatIapply.) Selected I Answers: Dysuria Urinaryfrequency I ICloudyIurine PainIinItheIsuprapubic Iarea Correct Answers: Dysuria Urinaryfrequency I ICloudyIurine Response IFeedback : PainIinItheIsuprapubic Iarea MostIpatientsIwithIcystitisIexperienceIdysuria,Iurinary Ifrequency,IcloudyIurine,Iand IpainIinItheIsuprapubic IareaIorIlowerIback,IorIboth.IHematuriaIisInotIgenerally IconsideredIaImanifestationIofIcystitis. Question I9 AtIwhatIperiodIduringItheIlifeIspanIwouldIaIfindingIofIleiomyomas IbeIlessIlikely? Selected Answer: DuringItheIyear