NUR2474 Pharmacology for Professional Nursing – Examination Blue Print – Final Exam

NUR2474 Pharmacology for Professional Nursing – Examination Blue Print – Final Exam Insulin: 1. What types of insulin are ordered before meals and at bedtime? Why? Rapid acting because the reaction prevents eating. 2. What type of insulin is sometimes given at bedtime, has the longest duration of all the insulins, CANNOT BE MIXED WITH OTHER INSULINS, and for elderly patients is often split into two doses (one in the morning and one at bedtime)? Long Acting Lantus 3. Why is a nurse concerned for a beta-blocker/insulin combination? What do you assess for? What symptoms could be concealed by taking a beta blocker while on insulin? You will not kick out sugar. Hypoglycemia. 4. You will need to know the following chart: Glipizide: 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? Lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas and increasing the sensitivity to insulin at receptor site. Watch for hypoglycemia 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Sulfonylureas/ Antidiabetics…. Allergy for sulfur 3. What are the side/adverse effects? hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, photosensitivity, rashes, drug induced hepatitis, heartburn, constipation, cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, increased appetite, dizziness, drowsiness, headache and weakness. 4. What are contraindications? Hypersensitivity with sulfonamides, type 1 diabetes, bosentan, diabetic coma/ketoacidosis. Geri pts., renal of hepatic dysfunction, infection, trauma, surgery, impaired pituitary or adrenal function, prolonged nausea, vomiting, malnourished pts., lactating and pedi pts. 5. Are there drug-drug interactions? Bosentin, diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, oral contraceptive, estrogens, thyroid preparations, phenytoin, niacin, sympathomimetics, isoniazid, alcohol androgens, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, fluoroquinolones, MAO inhibitor, NSAIDs, salicylates, sulfonamides, warfarin, beta blockers, cyclosporine, colesevelam, topiramate. 6. Are there drug-alcohol interactions? Yes 7. Are there drug-food interactions? Metformin 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? Type 2 diabetes 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? GI 4. What are contraindications? Emphanogliflozin (jardiace) Acarbose: 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. What are contraindications? 5. Are there drug-drug interactions? 6. Are there drug-alcohol interactions? 7. Are there drug-food interactions? Levothyroxine: hypothyroidism 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. What are contraindications? 5. What laboratory value is used to manage dosing and hypothyroidism management? What is meant when it is high (usually) and what is meant when it goes down (usually)? 6. What would happen if a person took this medication with calcium? 7. What time of day should a person take this medication and why? 8. Are there drug-drug interactions and what are they? 9. Why is this medication important for a hypothyroid patient while pregnant? Yes… because you want the calcium metabolism Weight gain Sulfamethoxazole 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. What prefix tells you this belongs to the classification it is in? 5. Why does one teach patients to drink plenty of water with this? Cephalexin, Cefoxitin: 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. What are contraindications? 5. How does it interfere with warfarin? 6. Why is it important to observe for side effects if someone has had an allergic reaction to penicillins? This is not a penicillin. Metronidazole: 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. Can it be mixed with alcohol? Why or why not? Acyclovir: 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. Pregnancy implications? Nephrotoxicity (labs that indicate kidney function: creatinine, BUN)? How can one decrease the risk of kidney damage while on this medication? Amoxicillin 1. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 2. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 3. What are the side/adverse effects? 4. What are contraindications? 5. If one is allergic to one “cillin,” meaning a penicillin-like drug, they are allergic to all “cillins.” What is a cross-allergy? 6. What would be signs and symptoms of mild allergy and how is this mild allergy treated? What would be signs and symptoms of a sever reaction and how is it treated? Please note that allergies to penicillins are VERY common. Ciprofloxacin 5. How does it work? What diagnosis is it effective for (be specific)? 6. What classification(s) does it fit into? Does this classification have many look alike/sound alike drugs? 7. What are the side/adverse effects? 8. What are contraindications? 9. What is the risk for tendons with this classification?