Copy of Exam 8 Integumentary

Copy of Exam 8 Integumentary Worksheet for Exam 8 Integumentary 1. Which is the principal hardening ingredient of the hair and nails? Keratin 2. Which of the following could be a possible cause of cyanosis? Low tissue oxygenation 3. The nurse notes several very small, round, red and purple macules on a patient's skin. The patient has a history of anticoagulant use. The nurse records this finding as which of the following? Petechiae 4. A well-healed old scar on the right shoulder. The scar is hypertrophied, elevated, and irregular without any redness or irritation. What is it? Keloid 5. Which instruction best prevents skin damage from sun’s damaging rays? Apply sunscreen even on overcast days 6. It is discovered that a family member has scabies, what is the family to do to prevent from getting it? All family members need to be treated 7. Which type of therapeutic bath for its antipruritic action? Colloidal (oatmeal) 8. Development of malignant melanoma is associated with which risk factor? History of severe sunburn 9. The classic lesions of impetigo manifest as? Honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base 10. Which of the following is the cause of shingles? Reactivated virus 11. A nurse is developing a care plan for a client recovering from a serious thermal burn. After maintaining respirations, the nurse knows that the most important immediate goal of therapy is: Maintaining the client's fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance 12. A client is brought to the emergency department with partial-thickness and full-thickness burns on the left arm, left anterior leg, and anterior trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, what is the total body surface area that has been burned? Thirty-six Percent 13. A client with a superficial partial-thickness solar burn (sunburn) of the chest, back, face, and arms is seen in urgent care. The nurse's primary concern should be: Pain management 14. Which of the following types of shock will a nurse observe in a client with extensive burns? Hypovolemic shock 15. Which type of graft utilizes the client's own skin for wound coverage? Autograft 16. Which type of burn is similar to a sunburn? Superficial partial-thickness 17. The palm represents which percentage of a person's TBSA? One percent 18. The ABCD method offers one way to assess skin lesions for possible skin cancer. What does the ABCD stand for? Asymmetry Border irregularity Color that is not uniform Diameter greater than six mm 19. The nurse notes that the patient has lost most of the hair on her head: Alopecia 20. While assessing a patient at the clinic the nurse notes patchy, milky white spots. The nurse knows that this finding is a symptom of what? Vitiligo 21. Which of the following is a factor that causes wrinkles among older adults? Loss of subcutaneous tissue 22. Which of the following could be the possible cause of cyanosis? Low tissue oxygenation 23. Which assessment finding indicates an increased risk of skin cancer? A deep sunburn 24. A client visits the physician’s office for treatment of a skin disorder. As a primary treatment, the nurse expects the physician to order: A topical agent 25. Which skin condition is caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or multiple bacteria? Impetigo 26. Which infecting agent causes scabies? Itch mite 27. What advice should the nurse give a client with a furuncle to prevent the spread of the infection? Never pick or squeeze a furuncle 28. A nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Impaired physical mobility for a client with full-thickness burns on the lower portions of both legs. To complete the nursing diagnosis statement, the nurse should add which "related-to" phrase? Related to circumferential eschar 29. Which instruction is the most important to give a client who has recently had a skin graft? Protect the graft from drug sunlight 30. When planning care for a client with burns on the upper torso, which nursing diagnosis should take the highest priority? Ineffective airway clearance related to edema of the respiratory passages 31. Which type of debridement occurs when nonliving tissue sloughs away from uninjured tissues? Natural 32. Which of the following is a common complication of an electrical burn injury? Cardiac dysrhythmias 33. The palm represents which percentage of a person’s TBSA? 1% 34. Which of the following is a true statement regarding psoriasis? It is characterized by patches of redness covered with silvery scales. 35. Which term refers to a condition characterized by the destruction of melanocytes in circumscribed areas of the skin? Vitaligo Exam #8 Study Guide Integumentary Vitiligo = loss of skin color in blotches Anemia = A condition in which the blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells. Keratin = structural material making up hair, nails, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of skin. Skin Biopsy = a procedure in which a doctor cuts and removes a small sample of skin to have it tested. This sample may help your doctor diagnose diseases such as skin cancer, infection, or other skin disorders Petechiae = occur as the result of bleeding under the skin. Appears in clusters on the surface of their skin or inside their mouth or eyelids. Cyanosis = bluish cast to the skin and mucous membranes, caused by low oxygen level Fluid Retention = excess fluid Nail Clubbing = low oxygen in the blood ABCD of Skin Lesions = Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color that is not uniform, Diameter greater than six mm. Burns- how shock can happen, how to prevent it, what you need to assess in your patient Stevens-Johnson Syndrome =caused by medications usually Skin lesions are the most prominent characteristics of dermatologic conditions. They vary in size, shape, and cause and are classified according to their appearance and origin. Skin lesions can be described as primary or secondary. Primary skin lesions Primary lesions are the initial lesions and are characteristic of the disease itself. Secondary lesions result from changes in primary lesions resulting from external causes, such as scratching, trauma, infections, or changes caused by wound healing. Depending on the stage of development, skin lesions are further categorized by type and appearance. Flat, non palpable skin color change (color may be brown, white, tan, purple, red) Macule: <1 cm; circumscribed border Patch: >1 cm; may have irregular border Examples: Freckles, flat moles, petechiae, rubella, vitiligo, port wine stains, ecchymosis Circumscribed (encircled), elevated, palpable mass containing serous fluid Vesicle: <0.5 cm Bulla: >0.5 cm Examples: Vesicles: Herpes simplex/zoster, varicella, poison ivy, 2nd-degree burn (blister) Bulla: Pemphigus, contact dermatitis, large burn blisters, poison ivy, bullous impetigo Wheal Elevated mass with transient borders; often irregular; size and color vary Caused by movement of serous fluid into the dermis; does not contain free fluid in a cavity (e.g., as a vesicle does) Examples: Urticaria (hives), insect bites Pustules Pus-filled vesicle or bulla Examples: Acne, impetigo, furuncles, carbuncles Cysts Encapsulated fluid-filled or semi solid mass in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis Examples: Sebaceous cyst, epidermoid cysts Pruritus = is the most common symptom of dermatologic disorders. Secondary skin lesions Secondary lesions result from changes in primary lesions resulting from external causes, such as scratching, trauma, infections, or changes caused by wound healing. Skin ulcers Keloid Chapped lips Tinea Pedis Chapped hands Dandruff Psoriasis Dry skin Pityriasis rosea Rule of the Nines