Maryville University NURS 611 Exam 4 practice questions and answers

Maryville University NURS 611 Exam 4 practice questions and answers What is the most common type of kidney stone? Calcium oxalate 2.) Passage of kidney stones can be extremely painful and cause referred pain to where? Umbilicus area 3.) The kidney stones are often jagged, so what ends up happening is that they get stuck in what? The ureters 4.) When that kidney stone gets stuck in the ureter, what does it obstruct? Urine flow 5.) The kidneys will react due to obstruction, because they expect their 20-25% of cardiac output. The kidneys do not know why they are not getting their normal share of cardiac output but they sense the decreased perfusion due to the obstruction, so those kidneys activate what? The RAAS system 6.) With activation of that RAAS system from the kidneys, there is angiotensin, which is a powerful peripheral constrictor. So, what happens within those kidneys themselves is decreased tissue perfusion so they activate the RAAS system which contains the angiotensin with powerful constrictor properties, so it constricts what? Arterioles 7.) When angiotensin constricts the arterioles, what happens as a result? Hypertension 8.) Which population do we think mainly about when we think about UTIs? Older population 9.) With older adults it may be harder to determine if they have a UTI because clinically, the main manifestation that is often seen with the elderly and a UTI is what? Confusion and abdominal pain or discomfort