• NURS-6521,Advanced Pharmacology WK 10 Quiz

• NURS-6521,Advanced Pharmacology WK 10 Quiz • NURS-6521,Advanced Pharmacology WK 10 Quiz • • Question 1 1 out of 1 points A pregnant patient who has diabetes has been admitted to the hospital to begin labor. Since the patient has diabetes, the physician has decided to use oxytocin (Pitocin) to initiate labor contractions. When talking to the patient about the adverse effects of the drug, the nurse should understand that the most common adverse effects of the drug include Response Feedback : Adverse effects of oxytocin are dose related and take two forms— maternal and fetal. The most common maternal adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, uterine tachysystole, and cardiac arrhythmias. Less common but potentially fatal are severe water intoxication and hyponatremia. A woman is receiving prolonged drug therapy during her complicated pregnancy, and it may pose a risk to both the mother and the fetus. The primary care physician has made dosage adjustments to minimize adverse effects and prevent toxicity. The nurse should make sure Response Feedback : If prolonged drug use is necessary and poses a risk to the woman or the fetus, the pregnant woman and the fetus need to be monitored for both therapeutic and adverse effects of drug therapy. Serum levels of the drug should be monitored to detect elevations that may lead to adverse effects and the need for dosage adjustments. The FDA would not need to be informed that the woman is receiving drug therapy. At this point, with the patient already taking the drug, it is not necessary to check the FDA category of the drug. The use of nonpharmacologic alternatives is a good idea but would not be as critical as monitoring drug levels. A nurse is providing patient education to a 23-year-old woman who is starting the norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol transdermal system (Ortho Evra). Because this is the patient's first time to use the birth control patch, the nurse will instruct her to apply the patch Response Feedback : The first time a woman uses the norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol transdermal system, she should start it after her menstrual period begins. She can choose to apply the first patch either the day her period starts or the following Sunday. If she chooses the Sunday after the start of her period, she needs to use backup contraception for the first week of her first cycle. A patient has acquired primary hypogonadism and has been prescribed testosterone transdermal (Androderm) patches. When educating the patient on how to administer the drug, the nurse will instruct him to Response Feedback : The patient should place the patch on the back, abdomen, upper arms, or thighs. He should not place it on the scrotum or on bony areas such as the shoulder or the hip. The skin area should not be oily, damaged, or irritated. The patch should stay in place for 7 days before replacement. A nurse is providing patient education to a 50-year-old woman who is taking methotrexate (MTX) for breast cancer. The nurse will instruct the patient to avoid which of the following drugs? Response Feedback : Because MTX is secreted by the renal tubules, certain drugs that follow the same pathway, such as salicylates, sulfonamides, phenytoin, and penicillin, may compete with MTX excretion, resulting in accumulation and increased toxicity. Therefore, if these drugs cannot be avoided, they should be discontinued 2 days before and restarted 2 days after MTX therapy. Acetaminophen, furosemide, and digoxin do not cause drug–drug interactions with MTX. A 73-year-old woman has osteoporosis and is prescribed alendronate. She takes calcium and vitamin D supplements, drinks lots of water, and has just quit smoking. The nurse should advise the patient to also Response Feedback : The patient should be encouraged to exercise and lift light wei