NUR 2349 Exam 2 NURSING 1 – Latest Exam Guide to Score A+ Rasmussen College

NUR 2349 Exam 2 NURSING 1 – Latest Exam Guide to Score A+ Rasmussen College Pain assessment- what needs to be asked and most accurate information? a. Rate the number of your pain from 1-10 and what does it feel like 2. What does each of the terms mean? a. Onset: When did it start? b. Location/Radiation: Where is it located? c. Duration: How long has this gone on? d. Characterizes: Does it change with any specific activities? Does the patient use any descriptive words to describe the quality of the symptom? e. Aggravating factors: What makes it worse? f. Alleviating factors: What makes it better? g. Timing: Is it constant, cyclic or does it come and go? h. Severity (or intensity): How bothersome, disruptive or painful is the problem? 3. Acute vs. chronic pain, what is the difference in vitals? a. Acute: Sudden onset and relatively short deration (Dull or Sharp) b. Chronic: Long term-6 months or more and tends to be persistent 4. Theories in pain a. Intensive theory: Based on Aristotle’s concept that pain resulted from excessive stimulation of the sense of touch b. Specificity Theory: Holds specific pain receptors transmit signals to a “pain center” in the brain that produces the perception of pain. The body has a separate sensory system for perceiving pain. c. Strong’s Theory: Pain is experience based on both noxious stimulus and psychic reaction or displeasure provoked by sensation d. Pattern Theory: Ignored findings of specialized nerve endings and many observations supporting the specificity/ intensive theories of pain. This theory thinks that peripheral sensory receptors, responding to touch, warmth and other non-damaging as well as to damaging stimuli, give rise to non-painful or painful experiences as a result of differences in the patterns [in time] of the signals sent through the nervous system e. Central Summation Theory: Prolonged abnormal activity bombards cells in the spinal cord, and information is projected to the brain for pain perception. f. Fourth theory of pain: It stated that pain was composed of two components: the perception of pain and the reaction one has towards it. The reaction was described as a complex physiopsychological process involving cognition, past experience, culture and various psychological factors which influence pain perception. g. Sensory Interaction Theory: It describes two systems involving transmission of pain: fast and slow system. The later presumed to This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :34:18 GMT -05:00 conduct somatic and visceral afferents whereas the former was considered to inhibit transmission of the small fibers. h. Gate Theory (Discussed below) 5. What is the primary source of data in collecting data when it comes to pain? a. Subjective 6. The geriatric population and pain- what are some differences? a. Will not ask for medications b. Pain is under reported 7. Common bacterial infections? a. Impegigo b. Cellulitis c. Scarlett fever d. Strep throat 8. Definition of inflammation: Non-specific cellular response to tissue injury. Tissue injury is caused by bacteria, trauma, chemical and heat 9. SBAR and their meanings: a. A communication tool that can improve the way you communicate i. S= Situation (Name/Unit/ Brief statement of problem) ii. B= Background (Admission diagnoses, med history, client assessment) iii. A=Assessment (Vitals, O2 status) iv. R= Recommendation (Give response based on situation and what needs to be done to relieve it?) 10. What circumstances affect a patient’s pain level? a. The patient’s threshold and pain tolerance. 11. What treatments are typically ordered when edema is present? a. Diuretics- Lasix 12. Definition ofa. Disinfection- Using special cleaning techniques that destroy or prevent growth of organisms capable of infections b. Sterilization: Eliminates/kills or deactivates all form of life and other biological agents c. Cleansing: Make something (especially the skin) clean 13. What is barrier protection? a. PPE (Hand wash/gloves, etc)