Advanced Pathophysiology Week 7 Quiz

Advanced Pathophysiology Week 7 Quiz Most dysphasias are associated with cerebrovascular accidents involving which artery? Middle cerebral artery Posterior communicating artery Anterior communicating artery Circle of Willis Dysphasias usually are associated with cerebrovascular accident involving the middle cerebral artery or one of its many branches. Vomiting is associated with CNS injuries that compress which anatomic location(s)? Vestibular nuclei in the midbrain Diencephalon Vestibular nuclei in the lower pons and medulla oblongata Floor of the third ventricle Vomiting is associated particularly with CNS injuries that (1) involve the vestibular nuclei (located in the lower pons and medulla oblongata) or their immediate projections, particularly when double vision (diplopia) also is present. Cognitive operations cannot occur without the functioning. cingulate gyrus pons reticular activating system medulla oblongata Awareness encompasses all cognitive functions that embody awareness of self, environment, and affective states (i.e., moods). Consciousness often is viewed as having two distinct components: arousal and awareness. Arousal, an attentional system, is the state of awakeness that an individual exhibits. Level of arousal is mediated by the reticular activating system. Dilated and sluggish pupils, widening pulse pressure, and bradycardia are clinical findings evident of which stage of intracranial hypertension? Stage 3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 4 Stage 3 of intracranial hypertension presents clinical manifestations that include decreasing levels of arousal, Cheyne-Stokes respiration or central neurogenic hyperventilation, pupils that become sluggish and dilated, widened pulse pressure, and bradycardia. Which description is consistent with a complex partial seizure? Alternative tonic and clonic movements Consciousness is impaired as well as the ability to respond to exogenous stimuli One seizure followed by another in less than 1 minute Focal motor movement without loss of consciousness A complex partial seizure results in impaired consciousness as well as the inability to respond to exogenous stimuli. Cerebral edema is an increase in the fluid content of the brain tissue. meninges. neurons. ventricles. Cerebral edema is an increase in the fluid content of brain tissue: a net accumulation of water within the brain. Since his cerebrovascular accident, a man has been denying his left hemiplegia. What term is used to describe this finding? Agraphia agnosia Visual agnosia Amusia agnosia Anosognosia Anosognosia is ignorance or denial of existence of the disease. The existence of regular, deep, and rapid respirations after a severe closed head injury is indicative of neurologic injury to the cerebral area. pontine area. lower midbrain. supratentorial. Central reflex hyperpnea, a sustained deep rapid but regular pattern (hyperpnea), may result from central nervous system damage or disease that involves the lower midbrain and upper pons. It is seen after increased intracranial pressure and blunt head trauma. Atheromatous plaques are most commonly found at branches of arteries. in the larger veins. near capillary sphincters. on the venous sinuses. Over 20 to 30 years atheromatous plaques (stenotic lesion