Verified Pathophys Exam 1 spring 2022 Questions and Answers (Grade A)

Pathophys Exam 1 spring 2022
Questions and Answers (Grade A)
-Which system in the body is the transport system in the body
{{{Answer}}} (circulatory system)

-What are the three basic components of the circulatory system and what do they do
{{{Answer}}} (-heart: act as a pump
-blood vessels: passage ways
-the blood: transport medium)

-What kind of gradient does the heart create
{{{Answer}}} (a pressure gradient)

-What are the two closed loop, blood flow circuits of the circulatory system
{{{Answer}}} (pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation)

-blood flows in a closed loop between heart and what
{{{Answer}}} (organs)

-What is pulmonary circulation between and what is systemic circulation between
{{{Answer}}} (-pulmonary: heart and lungs
-systemic: heart and other body parts)

-Which side of the heart recieves blood from the systemic circulation and what which
circulation does it pump it to
{{{Answer}}} (-right side recieves and pumps to the pulmonary circulation)

-Which kind of blood is sent to the lungs and what does it pick up and drop off once it
get there
{{{Answer}}} (doexygenated blood is sent to the lungs and it picks up oxygenated blood
and drops off carbon dioxide)

-Whihc side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood
{{{Answer}}} (right side)

-Which side of the heart re eives blood from the pulmonary circulation and where does it
pump it to
{{{Answer}}} (left side receives it and pumps its to systemic circulation)

-What kind of blood does systemic circulation deliver to body tissues

,{{{Answer}}} (oxygenated)

-Where is the heart positioned
{{{Answer}}} (middle of thoracic cavity)

-What is the top of the heart called?
{{{Answer}}} (base)

-What is the bottom of the heart called
{{{Answer}}} (apex)

-What are the upper chambers of the heart called?
{{{Answer}}} (atria)

-What are the lower chambers of the heart called?
{{{Answer}}} (ventricles)

-Between arteries and veins which carries blood away from the heart and which carries
blood towards the hearts
{{{Answer}}} (Arteries: blood away from heart
Veins: toward the heart)

-What is the musclar wall called that prevents mixture of blood from two sides
{{{Answer}}} (septum)

-Does the left and right side of the heart pump simulataneously or at different times
{{{Answer}}} (simultaneously)

-Does each side of the heart pump different or same volume of blood
{{{Answer}}} (same volume of blood)

-Between the right and left side which side pumps with lower pressure
{{{Answer}}} (right side)

-Between the right and left side which side has thicker heart muscle
{{{Answer}}} (left side)

-Between the right and left side which side pumps with lower pressure and lower
resistance
{{{Answer}}} (right side)

-Between the right and left side which side pumps with higher pressure and higher
resistance
{{{Answer}}} (left side)

-Why does the left side have higher resistance and pressure than the left side

, {{{Answer}}} (because of the vessel resistance through out the body)

-How does blood flow through the heart?
{{{Answer}}} (Inferior and superior vena cava (1) dump blood into the right atrium (2)
Right ventricle (3)
2 pulmonary arteries (4) that lead to the lungs (5) where blood becomes oxygenated
Pulmonary veins (6) bring blood from the lungs back to the left atrium (7)
Left ventricle (8) is large and muscular to pump blood into the aorta (9) and to the rest of
the body (10)
Eventually blood will be pumped back to each vena cava (1))

-How many directions does the heart flow and what is the direction
{{{Answer}}} (one: veins--> atria-->ventricles--> arteries)

-What structure ensures that blood flows in the right direction through the heart
{{{Answer}}} (heart valves)

-Heart valves are positioned in a certained so that they do what properly
{{{Answer}}} (open and close passively due to pressure differences)

-What causes heart valves to open
{{{Answer}}} (when pressure is greater behind the valve)

-What causes heart valves to close
{{{Answer}}} (when pressure is greater in front of the valve)

-Can valves open in opposite direction
{{{Answer}}} (NO)

-Where are the atrioventricular valves located?
{{{Answer}}} (between atria and ventricles)

-When do atrioventricular valves open
{{{Answer}}} (when atrial pressure is greater than ventricular pressure)

-When do atrioventricular valves close
{{{Answer}}} (when ventricles contract ( pressure is higher in ventricles))

-What is the right atrioventricular valve called
{{{Answer}}} (tricuspid valve)

-What is the left atrioventricular valve called?
{{{Answer}}} (bicuspid valve or mitral valve)

-Where are the semilunar valves located?
{{{Answer}}} (lie at the juncture where the major artery leaves the ventricle)