OCR GCSE History- War and Society flashcards
, When did the Viking and Saxon conflicts occur?
790-1066
What was the cause of the Viking and Saxon conflict?
-Vikings raid England- steal valuables and slaves from undefended monasteries
-Vikings invade and conquor England in 1013- led by Sweyn Forkbeard
What were the impacts of the Viking and Saxon conflicts?
-Economic- Coins had to be made of tin because vikings stole so much silver and gold- viking
villages and tombs found with Saxon gold and riches
-Military- 896- Alfred the Great constructs the first English navy- buhrs built (fortified towns)
to counter Vikings
-Social- Vikings rule and settle in large parts of Northern England (e.g. Northumbira)-
became the Danelaw- Vikings and Saxons traded
-Psychological- shock at Vikings' brutality and attacks on monasteries
-Political- 1017- Cnut becomes the first Viking king- didn't interfere with Saxon life- ruled
with Saxon law, extended to Danes
When was the Norman conquest?
1066-1090
What caused the Norman Conquest?
Normans invade England- William Duke of Normandy believed he was heir after Edward the
Confessor (died in January 1066)
What were the impacts of the Norman conquest?
-Military- William builds over 500 castles- paid by church tax. Ruins can still be seen today-
had a psychological effect on local Saxons (symbol of oppression)
-Political- by 1086, William removed all but 4 English lords and replaced them with 200
Norman barons. Feudal system is established
-Psychological- Saxons terrified by William's Harrying of the North- killed Northern rebels
and burnt crops (mass starvation and death)- forced to eat carrion
When was the Anarchy and the Barons war?
-Anarchy- 1130s-1150s
-Barons war- 1215-1217
, When did the Viking and Saxon conflicts occur?
790-1066
What was the cause of the Viking and Saxon conflict?
-Vikings raid England- steal valuables and slaves from undefended monasteries
-Vikings invade and conquor England in 1013- led by Sweyn Forkbeard
What were the impacts of the Viking and Saxon conflicts?
-Economic- Coins had to be made of tin because vikings stole so much silver and gold- viking
villages and tombs found with Saxon gold and riches
-Military- 896- Alfred the Great constructs the first English navy- buhrs built (fortified towns)
to counter Vikings
-Social- Vikings rule and settle in large parts of Northern England (e.g. Northumbira)-
became the Danelaw- Vikings and Saxons traded
-Psychological- shock at Vikings' brutality and attacks on monasteries
-Political- 1017- Cnut becomes the first Viking king- didn't interfere with Saxon life- ruled
with Saxon law, extended to Danes
When was the Norman conquest?
1066-1090
What caused the Norman Conquest?
Normans invade England- William Duke of Normandy believed he was heir after Edward the
Confessor (died in January 1066)
What were the impacts of the Norman conquest?
-Military- William builds over 500 castles- paid by church tax. Ruins can still be seen today-
had a psychological effect on local Saxons (symbol of oppression)
-Political- by 1086, William removed all but 4 English lords and replaced them with 200
Norman barons. Feudal system is established
-Psychological- Saxons terrified by William's Harrying of the North- killed Northern rebels
and burnt crops (mass starvation and death)- forced to eat carrion
When was the Anarchy and the Barons war?
-Anarchy- 1130s-1150s
-Barons war- 1215-1217
