Publ
icHeal
thNursi
ng10th
Edi
ti
onStanhopeTestBank
Chapter06:Environment
alHealt
h
Stanhope:Publi
cHealthNurs
ing:Popul
ati
on-
Cent
eredHeal
thCarei
nthe
Communi
ty,10t
hEdi
tion
MUL
TIPL
ECHOI
CE
Wh
yisi
timport
antfornursestounder
standthepre
mi s
esofenvir
onmenta
lh e
alt
h?
Nur
sess h
ou l
db eabletoass
essrisksandadvocat
eforpoli
ci
esthatsup
por
theal
thy
e nv
ir
on ments.
Tox
icol
ogistsoft
enc onsu
ltnur
sesab ou
tenvir
onmental
poll
uta
nts.
Pol
l
u t
antexposuressuchasleadarerepor
tedbynurs
estotheEnvi
ronment
alPr
otec
tion
Ag ency(EPA).
Ma
nyAme
ric
ansl
i
vei
nar
east
hatd
onotme
etc
urr
entn
ati
ona
lai
rqu
ali
tys
tan
dar
ds.
ANS:
A
Pot
ent
ial
ri
skst
ohe
alt
har
econ
cer
nsf
orp
rof
ess
ion
aln
urs
es.
Iti
sth
ere
spon
sib
il
it
yoft
hen
urs
eto
u
nde
rst
anda
smu
cha
spo
ssi
bl
eab
outt
hes
eri
sks
:howt
oas
ses
sth
em,
howt
oel
i
min
ate
/re
duc
eth
em,
h
owt
ocommu
nic
atea
nde
duc
atea
bou
tth
em,
andh
owt
oad
voc
atef
orp
oli
ci
est
hats
upp
orth
eal
thy
e
nvi
ron
men
ts.
Tox
icol
ogi
st
sdon
oto
fte
ncon
sul
tnu
rse
sab
oute
nvi
ron
men
tal
pol
l
uta
nts
.Pol
l
uta
nt
e
xpos
ure
sar
enotr
out
ine
lyr
epor
tedb
ynu
rse
s.Al
thou
ght
her
ema
ybep
rob
lemswi
tha
irq
ual
i
ty
s
tan
dar
dsi
nth
eUn
ite
dSt
ate
s,t
hiswou
ldn
otb
eth
epr
ima
ryr
eas
onwh
ynu
rse
ssh
oul
dun
der
sta
nd
e
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lth
.
DI
F: Cog
nit
iv
ele
vel
:Un
der
sta
ndi
ng TOP:
Nur
si
ngp
roc
ess
:Ev
alu
ati
on
MSC:NCLE
X:Sa
fea
ndEf
fec
ti
veCa
reE
nvi
ron
men
t:Sa
fet
yan
dIn
fec
ti
on
Con
trol
Wh
yisi
ti
mpor
tan
tforan
urs
etoh
avek
nowl
edg
eofe
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
ltha
ndt
hee
ffe
ctsofc
hemi
cal
,bi
ol
ogi
cal
,
a
ndr
adi
ol
ogi
cal
mat
eri
al
s?a
.Th
eya
reama
jorc
aus
eofg
lob
alwa
rmi
ng.
Th
eya
reoft
enfoundint
heair
,wat
er,andpr
oduct
sweu s
e.
Th
eya
refr
eque
n t
lyl
inke
dtothed
e v
elopmentofc
hron
icil
l
nes
ses
.
Th
eya
repr
oductstha
tnurs
esworkwithda
il
y.
ANS: B
Chemical
,bi
ologi
cal
,andradi
ol
ogical
pol
lut
ant
sa r
eofte
nfoundintheai
rwebreat
he,
the
wat
e rwedri
n k
,andth
ep r
oductsweuse.Th
esearenotamajorcaus
eofgloba
lwarmi
ng.
Theyarenotfr
equent
lyl
ink
edtothedeve
lopmentofchr
oni
cill
ness
es.Thesear
enot
pr
odu ct
sthatnur
sesworkwit
hd ai
l
y.
,
, Pu
bli
cHe
alt
hNu
rsi
ng1
0thE
dit
ionSt
anh
opeTe
stBa
nk
DI
F: Cog
nit
ivel
eve
l:Unde
rst
and
ing TOP:
Nur
si
ngp
roc
ess
:As
ses
sme
ntMSC:
NCLE
X:Heal
thPr
omotiona
ndMaint
ena
nce
An
urs
efu
lfi
l
lst
hee
nvi
ron
men
talh
eal
thc
omp
ete
ncyof“
ass
ess
men
tan
dre
fer
ral
.
”Wh
ichoft
hef
oll
owi
nga
cti
ons
h
ast
hen
urs
emos
tli
kel
yco
mpl
et
ed?a
.Ad
voc
ati
ngf
orp
ubl
i
cpol
i
cyc
han
ges
Under
standi
ngpol
icyfr
ameworkandmajorp
iecesofl
egi
sl
ati
on
Complet
inganenvi
ronmen
talh
e al
thhi
st
ory
Desc
ri
bingthes
c i
enti
fi
cpr
inc
iple
sa b
outenvi
ron
me nt
alh
eal
th
ANS:
C
As
ses
sme
nta
ndr
efe
rra
lst
ate
sth
ata
lln
urs
ess
hou
ldb
eab
let
osu
cce
ssf
ull
ycomp
let
ean
e
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lthh
ist
ory
,re
cog
niz
eth
epo
ten
tia
len
vir
onme
nta
lha
zar
dsa
nds
ent
ine
lil
l
nes
ses
,
a
ndma
kea
ppr
opr
iat
ere
fer
ral
sforc
ondi
ti
onswi
thp
rob
abl
een
vir
onme
nta
lca
use
s.Ad
voc
ati
ngf
or
p
ubl
i
cpol
i
cyc
han
gesi
spa
rtofa
dvoc
acy
.Un
der
sta
ndi
ngp
oli
cyf
rame
wor
kan
dle
gis
lat
ioni
spa
rtof
l
egi
sl
ati
ona
ndr
egu
lat
ion
.De
scr
ibi
ngt
hes
cie
nti
fi
cpr
inc
ipl
esofe
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lthi
spa
rtofb
asi
c
k
nowl
edg
ean
dcon
cep
ts.
DI
F: Cog
nit
ivel
eve
l:An
alyz
ing TOP:Nur
si
ngpro
cess:I
mpl
ementa
tionMSC:
NCL
EX:
Sa
feandEf
fec
tiv
eCareEnv
ir
onme
nt:
Saf
etyandI
nfect
ionCon
trol
Howh
aven
urs
esh
ist
ori
cal
l
yle
arn
edt
oid
ent
if
yap
oss
ibl
ere
lat
ion
shi
pbe
twe
ene
nvi
ron
men
tal
che
mic
al
e
xpos
ure
san
dth
eirp
ote
nti
alh
arm?a
.Ex
tra
pol
ati
onb
ytox
icol
ogi
st
s
Bi
omoni
tori
ng
Compl
eti
ngchemi
str
ycou
rses
Obse
rvi
ngsign
sandsympt
omsinc
li
ent
s
ANS:D
Nurseshaveh i
st
ori
cal
lyma dedisc
overi
esrel
ate
dtochemic
alexposur
ewh e
np eople
pres
e nte
dwi t
hsign
san dsymptomsr e
lat
edtoknownchemi
calt
ox i
ci
ty.E
xtr
apol
a t
ionby
tox
icologi
stsandbi
omon i
tor
inga r
emod er
nme t
hods.
Comp l
et
ingac h
emist
rycoursedoe
s
notshowh owtoident
if
ythesep oss
ibl
erel
ati
onshi
ps.
DI
F: Cogni
ti
vel
eve
l:Un
der
sta
ndin
g TOP:Nur
si
ngpr
oce
ss:Asse
ssme
n tMSC:
NCLEX:
SafeandEf
fec
ti
veCar
eEnvi
ron
ment:Saf
etyan
dInfec
tionCont
rol
Wh
atter
misu s
e dt
oref
ertothebas
icsci
enc
ea ppl
ie
dtoun
der
sta
ndi
ngt
heh
eal
the
ffe
cts
a
ssoci
atedwit
hchemical
e x
posur
es?a.Tox
icol
ogy
Phar
ma col
ogy
Chemist
ry
Env
ironment
alep
idemiol
ogy
,
icHeal
thNursi
ng10th
Edi
ti
onStanhopeTestBank
Chapter06:Environment
alHealt
h
Stanhope:Publi
cHealthNurs
ing:Popul
ati
on-
Cent
eredHeal
thCarei
nthe
Communi
ty,10t
hEdi
tion
MUL
TIPL
ECHOI
CE
Wh
yisi
timport
antfornursestounder
standthepre
mi s
esofenvir
onmenta
lh e
alt
h?
Nur
sess h
ou l
db eabletoass
essrisksandadvocat
eforpoli
ci
esthatsup
por
theal
thy
e nv
ir
on ments.
Tox
icol
ogistsoft
enc onsu
ltnur
sesab ou
tenvir
onmental
poll
uta
nts.
Pol
l
u t
antexposuressuchasleadarerepor
tedbynurs
estotheEnvi
ronment
alPr
otec
tion
Ag ency(EPA).
Ma
nyAme
ric
ansl
i
vei
nar
east
hatd
onotme
etc
urr
entn
ati
ona
lai
rqu
ali
tys
tan
dar
ds.
ANS:
A
Pot
ent
ial
ri
skst
ohe
alt
har
econ
cer
nsf
orp
rof
ess
ion
aln
urs
es.
Iti
sth
ere
spon
sib
il
it
yoft
hen
urs
eto
u
nde
rst
anda
smu
cha
spo
ssi
bl
eab
outt
hes
eri
sks
:howt
oas
ses
sth
em,
howt
oel
i
min
ate
/re
duc
eth
em,
h
owt
ocommu
nic
atea
nde
duc
atea
bou
tth
em,
andh
owt
oad
voc
atef
orp
oli
ci
est
hats
upp
orth
eal
thy
e
nvi
ron
men
ts.
Tox
icol
ogi
st
sdon
oto
fte
ncon
sul
tnu
rse
sab
oute
nvi
ron
men
tal
pol
l
uta
nts
.Pol
l
uta
nt
e
xpos
ure
sar
enotr
out
ine
lyr
epor
tedb
ynu
rse
s.Al
thou
ght
her
ema
ybep
rob
lemswi
tha
irq
ual
i
ty
s
tan
dar
dsi
nth
eUn
ite
dSt
ate
s,t
hiswou
ldn
otb
eth
epr
ima
ryr
eas
onwh
ynu
rse
ssh
oul
dun
der
sta
nd
e
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lth
.
DI
F: Cog
nit
iv
ele
vel
:Un
der
sta
ndi
ng TOP:
Nur
si
ngp
roc
ess
:Ev
alu
ati
on
MSC:NCLE
X:Sa
fea
ndEf
fec
ti
veCa
reE
nvi
ron
men
t:Sa
fet
yan
dIn
fec
ti
on
Con
trol
Wh
yisi
ti
mpor
tan
tforan
urs
etoh
avek
nowl
edg
eofe
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
ltha
ndt
hee
ffe
ctsofc
hemi
cal
,bi
ol
ogi
cal
,
a
ndr
adi
ol
ogi
cal
mat
eri
al
s?a
.Th
eya
reama
jorc
aus
eofg
lob
alwa
rmi
ng.
Th
eya
reoft
enfoundint
heair
,wat
er,andpr
oduct
sweu s
e.
Th
eya
refr
eque
n t
lyl
inke
dtothed
e v
elopmentofc
hron
icil
l
nes
ses
.
Th
eya
repr
oductstha
tnurs
esworkwithda
il
y.
ANS: B
Chemical
,bi
ologi
cal
,andradi
ol
ogical
pol
lut
ant
sa r
eofte
nfoundintheai
rwebreat
he,
the
wat
e rwedri
n k
,andth
ep r
oductsweuse.Th
esearenotamajorcaus
eofgloba
lwarmi
ng.
Theyarenotfr
equent
lyl
ink
edtothedeve
lopmentofchr
oni
cill
ness
es.Thesear
enot
pr
odu ct
sthatnur
sesworkwit
hd ai
l
y.
,
, Pu
bli
cHe
alt
hNu
rsi
ng1
0thE
dit
ionSt
anh
opeTe
stBa
nk
DI
F: Cog
nit
ivel
eve
l:Unde
rst
and
ing TOP:
Nur
si
ngp
roc
ess
:As
ses
sme
ntMSC:
NCLE
X:Heal
thPr
omotiona
ndMaint
ena
nce
An
urs
efu
lfi
l
lst
hee
nvi
ron
men
talh
eal
thc
omp
ete
ncyof“
ass
ess
men
tan
dre
fer
ral
.
”Wh
ichoft
hef
oll
owi
nga
cti
ons
h
ast
hen
urs
emos
tli
kel
yco
mpl
et
ed?a
.Ad
voc
ati
ngf
orp
ubl
i
cpol
i
cyc
han
ges
Under
standi
ngpol
icyfr
ameworkandmajorp
iecesofl
egi
sl
ati
on
Complet
inganenvi
ronmen
talh
e al
thhi
st
ory
Desc
ri
bingthes
c i
enti
fi
cpr
inc
iple
sa b
outenvi
ron
me nt
alh
eal
th
ANS:
C
As
ses
sme
nta
ndr
efe
rra
lst
ate
sth
ata
lln
urs
ess
hou
ldb
eab
let
osu
cce
ssf
ull
ycomp
let
ean
e
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lthh
ist
ory
,re
cog
niz
eth
epo
ten
tia
len
vir
onme
nta
lha
zar
dsa
nds
ent
ine
lil
l
nes
ses
,
a
ndma
kea
ppr
opr
iat
ere
fer
ral
sforc
ondi
ti
onswi
thp
rob
abl
een
vir
onme
nta
lca
use
s.Ad
voc
ati
ngf
or
p
ubl
i
cpol
i
cyc
han
gesi
spa
rtofa
dvoc
acy
.Un
der
sta
ndi
ngp
oli
cyf
rame
wor
kan
dle
gis
lat
ioni
spa
rtof
l
egi
sl
ati
ona
ndr
egu
lat
ion
.De
scr
ibi
ngt
hes
cie
nti
fi
cpr
inc
ipl
esofe
nvi
ron
men
tal
hea
lthi
spa
rtofb
asi
c
k
nowl
edg
ean
dcon
cep
ts.
DI
F: Cog
nit
ivel
eve
l:An
alyz
ing TOP:Nur
si
ngpro
cess:I
mpl
ementa
tionMSC:
NCL
EX:
Sa
feandEf
fec
tiv
eCareEnv
ir
onme
nt:
Saf
etyandI
nfect
ionCon
trol
Howh
aven
urs
esh
ist
ori
cal
l
yle
arn
edt
oid
ent
if
yap
oss
ibl
ere
lat
ion
shi
pbe
twe
ene
nvi
ron
men
tal
che
mic
al
e
xpos
ure
san
dth
eirp
ote
nti
alh
arm?a
.Ex
tra
pol
ati
onb
ytox
icol
ogi
st
s
Bi
omoni
tori
ng
Compl
eti
ngchemi
str
ycou
rses
Obse
rvi
ngsign
sandsympt
omsinc
li
ent
s
ANS:D
Nurseshaveh i
st
ori
cal
lyma dedisc
overi
esrel
ate
dtochemic
alexposur
ewh e
np eople
pres
e nte
dwi t
hsign
san dsymptomsr e
lat
edtoknownchemi
calt
ox i
ci
ty.E
xtr
apol
a t
ionby
tox
icologi
stsandbi
omon i
tor
inga r
emod er
nme t
hods.
Comp l
et
ingac h
emist
rycoursedoe
s
notshowh owtoident
if
ythesep oss
ibl
erel
ati
onshi
ps.
DI
F: Cogni
ti
vel
eve
l:Un
der
sta
ndin
g TOP:Nur
si
ngpr
oce
ss:Asse
ssme
n tMSC:
NCLEX:
SafeandEf
fec
ti
veCar
eEnvi
ron
ment:Saf
etyan
dInfec
tionCont
rol
Wh
atter
misu s
e dt
oref
ertothebas
icsci
enc
ea ppl
ie
dtoun
der
sta
ndi
ngt
heh
eal
the
ffe
cts
a
ssoci
atedwit
hchemical
e x
posur
es?a.Tox
icol
ogy
Phar
ma col
ogy
Chemist
ry
Env
ironment
alep
idemiol
ogy
,
