Summary NR 503 Midterm Study Guide.pdf

Week iOne i– iDefinitions Epidemiology i– iGreek iwords iepi, imeaning ion ior iupon; idemos, imeaning ipeople, iand ilogos, imeaning ithe istudy iof. iEpidemiology iis ithe istudy iof ithe idistribution iand ideterminants iof ihealth- irelated istates ior ievents iin ispecified ipopulations iand ithe iapplication iof ithis istudy ito ithe icontrol iof i health iproblems. Disease isurveillance i– iThe iprincipal inotification isystem iin ithe iUnited iSates iis ithe iNational iNotifiable iDisease iSurveillance iSystem i(NNDSS). iThis iis istate iand ilocal ivital idata ifor imonitoring ideaths ifrom icertain iinfectious idiseases i(influenza iand iaids). iSurveillance ifor ichronic i disease iusually irelies iupon ihealth icare irelated idata i(hospital idischarge, isurveys, imortality idata i from ivital istatistics). iTracks iboth iactive iand ipassive idiseases. iIdentifies istages iof ithe idisease iwithin ian iindividual iand ithe ipopulations, imeasures iof iincidence, iattack irate, iprevalence, imortality irates, icase-fatality irates iand iyears iof ipotential ilife ilost. Endemic i– i A i disease ior icondition iregularly ifound iamong iparticular ipeople ior iin ia icertain iarea. i “Malaria iis ian iendemic” ip. i22 Epidemic i– iA iwidespread ioccurrence iof ian iinfectious idisease iin ia icommunity iat ia iparticular i time. i“a iflu iis iepidemic” ip. i23 Epidemic icurve i– ithe idistribution iof ithe itimes iof ionset iof ithe idisease ip. i29 Herd iImmunity i– iresistance iof ia igroup ito ian iattack iby ia idisease ito iwhich ia ilarge iproportion iof i the imembers iof ithe igroup iare iimmune ip i26