Summary NR 503 Final Exam Study Guide .pdf

Definitions iof istudy idesigns: iChapter i10: iDifferentiate ibetween ithe icase-control iand icohort istudies. iAsk iyourself, iwhich iis iused iwhen, iand iwhy. Case-Control: • Examine ithe ipossible irelationship iof ian iexposure ito ia icertain idisease • Identify igroup iof iindividuals iwith ithe idisease i(cases) • For icomparison, igather ia igroup iof ipeople iwithout ithat idisease i(controls) • Determine iwhat iproportion iof ithe icases iwere iexposed iand iwere inot • Also idetermine iwhat iproportion iof ithe icontrols iwere iexposed iand inot • Text: i Thus, iin ia icase-control istudy, iif ithere iis ian iassociation iof ian iexposure iwith ia idisease, ithe i prevalence iof ihistory iof iexposure ishould ibe ihigher iin ipersons iwho ihave ithe idisease i(cases) ithan iin ithose iwho ido inot ihave ithe idisease i(controls). • Ask iyourself: i Why iis ithis iimportant ito ithe iNP iin iprimary icare? i How idoes ithis iinform ia provider’s idecision-making? Cohort iStudies: i Chapter i13: i Comparing iCohort iand iCase-Control iStudies: i See iFigure i13-1 iand i13-2 i (busy ipictures ibut ihang iin ithere) Chapter i13 icomparison iof istudies i- iimportant ito ireview Matching: iChapter i10: iText: iA imajor iconcern iin iconducting ia icase-control istudy iis ithat icases iand icontrols imay idiffer iin icharacteristics ior iexposures iother ithan ithe ione ithat ihas ibeen itargeted ifor istudy. Randomization: iThe ipoint iof irandomization iis ito iprevent iany ipotential ibiases ion ithe ipart iof ithe iinvestigators/researchers. iText: iThus, ithe iuse iof irandomization iis icrucial ito iprotect ithe istudy ifrom iany i biases ithat imight ibe iintroduced iconsciously ior isubconsciously iby ithe iinvestigator iinto ithe iassignment iprocess. Bias: i(selection ibias) i(source iof icases) iIssues irelated ito igeneralizability; icases ifrom ia isingle isource iless i than idesirable ithan iif ifrom imultiple isources iwith ia ivarying ipool iof icases. i Ask iyourself, iwhy? Causality: i Table i14-3: i Using ithe iEvidence iin iDeveloping iRecommendations Cross