Biology Unit 9: Human regulation and Reproduction
Hormonal control of reproduction
, P3) Describe the structure and function of reproductive anatomy.
P4) Describe how hormones are involved in gamete development and conception.
M3) Explain how the regulation of male and female reproductive systems can affect human
reproductive health.
D3) Evaluate how conception may be prevented and promoted.
P4) Methods of hormonal control of conception and the management of infertility.
Meiosis during gametogenesis.
Hormonal control of conception can occur of meiosis during gametogenesis, the development of
zygote hormonal control of egg/sperm development and erectile dysfunction and antisperm
antibodies. Gametogenesis is a biological process by which a haploid or diploid precursor cell, this
process occurs during the production of sperm and eggs and takes place through the process of
meiosis. During meiosis, paired chromosomes in the nucleus are separated by cell divisions, meiosis
produces gametes (a mature haploid male or female) and brings variation in the offspring
gametogenesis occurs by the meiotic division of division gametocytes.
The development of the zygote.
A zygote is the union of the sperm cell and egg cell, which is formed from the union of haploid
gametes during fertilization and is developed from the union of two gametes, it is formed when the
female gamete (egg) and male gamete (sperm) fuse. The single-celled zygote will begin to divide into
a solid ball of cells and then transform into a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst, the blastocyst
implants the wall of the uterus, where it will develop into an embryo attached to a placenta and
surrounded by fluid-filled membranes.
Obstruction of female or tubules.
In the ovary lies the funnel of the fallopian tubes which is a muscular tube lined with cilia, fallopian
tubes lead to the uterus. When fallopian tubes are blocked, the passageway for sperm to get to the
egg is as well as the path back to the uterus for the fertilized egg, is blocked. This could be due to
pelvic inflammatory disease.
Hormonal regulation and control of the endometrium and implantation.
Implantation is “the attachment of the fertilized egg or blastocyst to the wall of the uterus at the
start of pregnancy”, when pregnant, the blastocyst has made a 6-day trip from the fallopian tubes to
the womb. The hormone progesterone is responsible for the realisation of implantation,
progesterone provides a good environment for implantation by a fertilized egg, when an egg is not
fertilized, the corpus luteum will break down, leading to a drop in progesterone levels. The
endometrium is “the mucus membrane mining the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle
in preparation for possible implantation of an embryo”, the endometrium function is to prevent
adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, maintaining the patency of the uterine
cavity.
Hormonal control of reproduction
, P3) Describe the structure and function of reproductive anatomy.
P4) Describe how hormones are involved in gamete development and conception.
M3) Explain how the regulation of male and female reproductive systems can affect human
reproductive health.
D3) Evaluate how conception may be prevented and promoted.
P4) Methods of hormonal control of conception and the management of infertility.
Meiosis during gametogenesis.
Hormonal control of conception can occur of meiosis during gametogenesis, the development of
zygote hormonal control of egg/sperm development and erectile dysfunction and antisperm
antibodies. Gametogenesis is a biological process by which a haploid or diploid precursor cell, this
process occurs during the production of sperm and eggs and takes place through the process of
meiosis. During meiosis, paired chromosomes in the nucleus are separated by cell divisions, meiosis
produces gametes (a mature haploid male or female) and brings variation in the offspring
gametogenesis occurs by the meiotic division of division gametocytes.
The development of the zygote.
A zygote is the union of the sperm cell and egg cell, which is formed from the union of haploid
gametes during fertilization and is developed from the union of two gametes, it is formed when the
female gamete (egg) and male gamete (sperm) fuse. The single-celled zygote will begin to divide into
a solid ball of cells and then transform into a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst, the blastocyst
implants the wall of the uterus, where it will develop into an embryo attached to a placenta and
surrounded by fluid-filled membranes.
Obstruction of female or tubules.
In the ovary lies the funnel of the fallopian tubes which is a muscular tube lined with cilia, fallopian
tubes lead to the uterus. When fallopian tubes are blocked, the passageway for sperm to get to the
egg is as well as the path back to the uterus for the fertilized egg, is blocked. This could be due to
pelvic inflammatory disease.
Hormonal regulation and control of the endometrium and implantation.
Implantation is “the attachment of the fertilized egg or blastocyst to the wall of the uterus at the
start of pregnancy”, when pregnant, the blastocyst has made a 6-day trip from the fallopian tubes to
the womb. The hormone progesterone is responsible for the realisation of implantation,
progesterone provides a good environment for implantation by a fertilized egg, when an egg is not
fertilized, the corpus luteum will break down, leading to a drop in progesterone levels. The
endometrium is “the mucus membrane mining the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle
in preparation for possible implantation of an embryo”, the endometrium function is to prevent
adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, maintaining the patency of the uterine
cavity.
