NR 503 Midterm Study Guide
i i i i
Dear iClass,
As iwe ifinish ioff iweek ithree iand igo iinto iweek ifour iplease iremember ithat ithe iMid-Term iexam iis
coming iup. iPlease igo iback iand ireview icontent ifrom ithe iprevious iweeks:
i
Week iOne i– iDefinitions
Epidemiology i– iGreek iwords iepi, imeaning ion ior iupon; idemos, imeaning ipeople, iand ilogos,
meaning ithe istudy iof. iEpidemiology iis ithe istudy iof ithe idistribution iand ideterminants iof ihealth-
i
related istates ior ievents iin ispecified ipopulations iand ithe iapplication iof ithis istudy ito ithe icontrol iof
i
health iproblems.
i
Disease isurveillance i– iThe iprincipal inotification isystem iin ithe iUnited iSates iis ithe iNational
Notifiable iDisease iSurveillance iSystem i(NNDSS). iThis iis istate iand ilocal ivital idata ifor imonitoring
i
deaths ifrom icertain iinfectious idiseases i(influenza iand iaids). iSurveillance ifor ichronicidisease
i
usually irelies iupon ihealth icare irelated idata i(hospital idischarge, isurveys, imortality idataifrom ivital
i
statistics). iTracks iboth iactive iand ipassive idiseases. iIdentifies istages iof ithe idisease iwithin ian
i
individual iand ithe ipopulations, imeasures iof iincidence, iattack irate, iprevalence, imortality irates,
i
case-fatality irates iand iyears iof ipotential ilife ilost.
i
Endemic i– iA idisease ior icondition iregularly ifound iamong iparticular ipeople ior iin ia icertain iarea.
“Malaria iis ian iendemic” ip. i22
i
Epidemic i– iA iwidespread ioccurrence iof ian iinfectious idisease iin ia icommunity iat ia iparticular
time. i“a iflu iis iepidemic” ip. i23
i
Epidemic icurve i– ithe idistribution iof ithe itimes iof ionset iof ithe idisease ip. i29
Herd iImmunity i– iresistance iof ia igroup ito ian iattack iby ia idisease ito iwhich ia ilarge iproportion iof
the imembers iof ithe igroup iare iimmune ip i26
i
Incubation iperiod i– ithe iinterval ifrom ireceipt iof iinfection ito ithe itime iof ionset iof iclinical iillness ip.i27
Immunity i– inot isusceptible ito ithe idisease ip. i26
Pandemic i– iOf ia idisease iprevalent iover ia iwhole icountry ior ithe iworld. iAn ioutbreak iof iaipandemic
disease ip. i23
i
Common ivehicle iexposure i– iRefers ito iagents itransmitted iby ia icommon iinanimate ivehiclei(food),
with imultiple icases iresulting ifrom isuch iexposure ip. i25
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Single iexposure i– ione iinstance iof iexposure i(multiple iexposures; ifood iserved imore ithan ionce)
i i i i
Dear iClass,
As iwe ifinish ioff iweek ithree iand igo iinto iweek ifour iplease iremember ithat ithe iMid-Term iexam iis
coming iup. iPlease igo iback iand ireview icontent ifrom ithe iprevious iweeks:
i
Week iOne i– iDefinitions
Epidemiology i– iGreek iwords iepi, imeaning ion ior iupon; idemos, imeaning ipeople, iand ilogos,
meaning ithe istudy iof. iEpidemiology iis ithe istudy iof ithe idistribution iand ideterminants iof ihealth-
i
related istates ior ievents iin ispecified ipopulations iand ithe iapplication iof ithis istudy ito ithe icontrol iof
i
health iproblems.
i
Disease isurveillance i– iThe iprincipal inotification isystem iin ithe iUnited iSates iis ithe iNational
Notifiable iDisease iSurveillance iSystem i(NNDSS). iThis iis istate iand ilocal ivital idata ifor imonitoring
i
deaths ifrom icertain iinfectious idiseases i(influenza iand iaids). iSurveillance ifor ichronicidisease
i
usually irelies iupon ihealth icare irelated idata i(hospital idischarge, isurveys, imortality idataifrom ivital
i
statistics). iTracks iboth iactive iand ipassive idiseases. iIdentifies istages iof ithe idisease iwithin ian
i
individual iand ithe ipopulations, imeasures iof iincidence, iattack irate, iprevalence, imortality irates,
i
case-fatality irates iand iyears iof ipotential ilife ilost.
i
Endemic i– iA idisease ior icondition iregularly ifound iamong iparticular ipeople ior iin ia icertain iarea.
“Malaria iis ian iendemic” ip. i22
i
Epidemic i– iA iwidespread ioccurrence iof ian iinfectious idisease iin ia icommunity iat ia iparticular
time. i“a iflu iis iepidemic” ip. i23
i
Epidemic icurve i– ithe idistribution iof ithe itimes iof ionset iof ithe idisease ip. i29
Herd iImmunity i– iresistance iof ia igroup ito ian iattack iby ia idisease ito iwhich ia ilarge iproportion iof
the imembers iof ithe igroup iare iimmune ip i26
i
Incubation iperiod i– ithe iinterval ifrom ireceipt iof iinfection ito ithe itime iof ionset iof iclinical iillness ip.i27
Immunity i– inot isusceptible ito ithe idisease ip. i26
Pandemic i– iOf ia idisease iprevalent iover ia iwhole icountry ior ithe iworld. iAn ioutbreak iof iaipandemic
disease ip. i23
i
Common ivehicle iexposure i– iRefers ito iagents itransmitted iby ia icommon iinanimate ivehiclei(food),
with imultiple icases iresulting ifrom isuch iexposure ip. i25
i
Single iexposure i– ione iinstance iof iexposure i(multiple iexposures; ifood iserved imore ithan ionce)
