Antimicrobials SG

Antimicrobials  Differentiate Bacteriostatic and Bacterialcidal.  bactericidal – directly lethal to bacteria at clinically achievable concentrations  bacteriostatic – slow bacterial growth but do not cause cell death  What is the difference between broad spectrum and narrow spectrum?  Narrow – active against only a few species of microorganisms  Broad – active against a wide variety of microbes  Which is preferred?  Narrow-spectrum  antibiotic classifications by MOA?  Drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis o Penicillins, cephalosporins  Drugs that increase cell membrane permeability o Amphotericin B  Drugs that cause lethal inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis o Aminoglycosides  Drugs that cause nonlethal inhibition of protein synthesis o Tetracyclines  Drugs that inhibit bacterial synthesis of DNA and RNA o Rifampin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin  Antimetabolites o Trimethoprim, sulfonamides  Drugs that suppress viral replication  antibiotic classifications by organism?  Narrow Spectrum o Gram positive cocci and gram positive bacilli  Penicillin  Vancomycin  Erythromycin  clindamycin o Gram negative aerobes  Aminoglycosides – gentamicin  cephalosporins o TB  Isoniazid  Rifampin  Ethambutol  pyrazinamide  Broad Spectrum o Gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli  Ampicillin  Piperacillin  Tetracyclines