BIOS 390
Week 6 Exam Study Guide/Assignment
Question Set 1
(TCO 8) Which statement is not true about the nucleolus? (Select the correct
answer.)
• The nucleolus is the site of rRNA synthesis.
• The nucleolus is a membrane-bound organelle within the nucleus.
• The nucleolus is the site of ribosome subunit assembly.
• The nucleolus is composed of a fibrillar center, dense fibrillar component, and
granular component.
(TCO 8) Ribosomes carry out the process of protein synthesis in the after
assembly in the within a special compartment called the .
Ribosomes function in the cytoplasm, but their assembly occurs in the nucleus,
within a special subcompartment called the nucleolus.
(TCO 8) Which of the following is not a function of ribosome in protein synthesis?
• Decoding the genetic code of mRNA
• Charging the tRNA with the amino acid
• Binding to tRNA delivering the amino acid
• Catalyzing peptide bond formation.
Question Set 2
(TCO 8) What is an anticodon? A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in tRNA
designating a specific amino acid that binds to a corresponding codon in mRNA
during protein synthesis.
(TCO 8) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are enzymes that 1. Aminoacyl tRNA
synthetases are enzymes that attach a specific amino acid to a specific tRNA
molecule.
2. They are very important for the accurate transmission of information from nucleic
acids to proteins.
3. The attachment of a given amino acid to a particular tRNA establishes the genetic
code.
4. The formation of a peptide bond between free amino acids is not
thermodynamically favorable. The amino acid must first be activated in order for
protein synthesis to proceed.
5. The activated intermediates in protein synthesis are amino acid esters, in which
the carboxyl group of an amino acid is linked to either the 2' - or the 3'-hydroxyl
group of the at the 3' end of the tRNA.
(TCO 8) Transfer RNAs get charged with amino acids (where?) must join together in
the cytoplasm.
Question Set 3
(TCO 8) GTP hydrolysis is required for (Select the best answer.)
• joining of the 40S and 60S subunits.
• peptide bond formation.
• start codon recognition and initiation factor release.
, • both joining of the 40S and 60S subunits and start codon recognition and
initiation factor release.
(TCO 8) Hydrolysis of ATP indirectly fuels protein synthesis by generating a high
energy bond between the amino acid and the tRNA
(TCO 8) Protein synthesis is an anabolic process. Energy is provided by hydrolysis of
GTP hydrolysis
Question Set 4
(TCO 8) Which is not a member of the eukaryotic ternary complex of translation
initiation?
• Met-tRNA
• eIF2
• mRNA
• GTP
(TCO 8) The start codon for translation in eukaryotes is
(TCO 8) Initiation factors with helicase activity (eIF4G, eIF4E) associate with
• ribosomes.
• 5’ end of mRNA.
• 3’ end of mRNA.
• PABPN1.
Question Set 5
(TCO 8) The stop codon is recognized by
Stop codons are recognized by Release factor (which is a protein) during translation
termination and cause the release of management molecule from the ribosome.
(TCO 8) Nascent polypeptides exit the ribosome via One of the key features of the
ribosome is the long “tunnel” that conducts the nascent protein through the large
subunit from the site of peptidyl transferase activity to the peptide exit hole
(TCO 8) The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein complex that
binds to ribosomes translating polypeptides that bear a signal sequence for
targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Question Set 6
(TCO 8) When the translation initiation factor eIF2 is phosphorylated in response to
a sudden temperature increase or viral infection, translation can be greatly
inhibited. In this case, phosphorylated eIF2 is under control, and the
Week 6 Exam Study Guide/Assignment
Question Set 1
(TCO 8) Which statement is not true about the nucleolus? (Select the correct
answer.)
• The nucleolus is the site of rRNA synthesis.
• The nucleolus is a membrane-bound organelle within the nucleus.
• The nucleolus is the site of ribosome subunit assembly.
• The nucleolus is composed of a fibrillar center, dense fibrillar component, and
granular component.
(TCO 8) Ribosomes carry out the process of protein synthesis in the after
assembly in the within a special compartment called the .
Ribosomes function in the cytoplasm, but their assembly occurs in the nucleus,
within a special subcompartment called the nucleolus.
(TCO 8) Which of the following is not a function of ribosome in protein synthesis?
• Decoding the genetic code of mRNA
• Charging the tRNA with the amino acid
• Binding to tRNA delivering the amino acid
• Catalyzing peptide bond formation.
Question Set 2
(TCO 8) What is an anticodon? A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in tRNA
designating a specific amino acid that binds to a corresponding codon in mRNA
during protein synthesis.
(TCO 8) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are enzymes that 1. Aminoacyl tRNA
synthetases are enzymes that attach a specific amino acid to a specific tRNA
molecule.
2. They are very important for the accurate transmission of information from nucleic
acids to proteins.
3. The attachment of a given amino acid to a particular tRNA establishes the genetic
code.
4. The formation of a peptide bond between free amino acids is not
thermodynamically favorable. The amino acid must first be activated in order for
protein synthesis to proceed.
5. The activated intermediates in protein synthesis are amino acid esters, in which
the carboxyl group of an amino acid is linked to either the 2' - or the 3'-hydroxyl
group of the at the 3' end of the tRNA.
(TCO 8) Transfer RNAs get charged with amino acids (where?) must join together in
the cytoplasm.
Question Set 3
(TCO 8) GTP hydrolysis is required for (Select the best answer.)
• joining of the 40S and 60S subunits.
• peptide bond formation.
• start codon recognition and initiation factor release.
, • both joining of the 40S and 60S subunits and start codon recognition and
initiation factor release.
(TCO 8) Hydrolysis of ATP indirectly fuels protein synthesis by generating a high
energy bond between the amino acid and the tRNA
(TCO 8) Protein synthesis is an anabolic process. Energy is provided by hydrolysis of
GTP hydrolysis
Question Set 4
(TCO 8) Which is not a member of the eukaryotic ternary complex of translation
initiation?
• Met-tRNA
• eIF2
• mRNA
• GTP
(TCO 8) The start codon for translation in eukaryotes is
(TCO 8) Initiation factors with helicase activity (eIF4G, eIF4E) associate with
• ribosomes.
• 5’ end of mRNA.
• 3’ end of mRNA.
• PABPN1.
Question Set 5
(TCO 8) The stop codon is recognized by
Stop codons are recognized by Release factor (which is a protein) during translation
termination and cause the release of management molecule from the ribosome.
(TCO 8) Nascent polypeptides exit the ribosome via One of the key features of the
ribosome is the long “tunnel” that conducts the nascent protein through the large
subunit from the site of peptidyl transferase activity to the peptide exit hole
(TCO 8) The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein complex that
binds to ribosomes translating polypeptides that bear a signal sequence for
targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Question Set 6
(TCO 8) When the translation initiation factor eIF2 is phosphorylated in response to
a sudden temperature increase or viral infection, translation can be greatly
inhibited. In this case, phosphorylated eIF2 is under control, and the
