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Samenvatting Anatomie en fysiologie 1 celstructuur

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samenvatting ppt in de les celstructuur

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HOOFDSTUK 3: CELSTRUCTUUR EN FUNCTIE
• Vier basisconcepten
– Basisbouwsteen van alle planten en dieren
– Kleinste functionele eenheid van het leven
– Product van celdeling
– Basiseenheid homeostase




– Extracellulaire vloeistof (ECV)
• Ook wel interstitiële (=weefsel)vloeistof genoemd
– Celmembraan
• Vetbarrière tussen cel-inhoud en omgeving
– Cytoplasma (intracellulaire vloeistof) (ICV)
• Rond celkern
• Cytosol + organellen

CELMEMBRAAN – PLASMEMBRAAN:

Functies:
– Fysieke isolatie
• Scheiding binnenkant cel en interstitium (omgevende extracellulaire
vloeistof)
– Reguleren van de uitwisseling met de omgeving
• Belangrijke transportfuncties
– Gevoeligheid
• Specifieke receptoren
– Structurele stevigheid

1

, Membraanstructuur:
– Fosfolipide dubbellaag: bipolaire moleculen:
• Hydrofiele kop
• Hydrofobe staart
– Staarten zijn naar mekaar gericht  water-afstotende laag:
isolatie tussen cytoplasma en ECV
– Moleculaire delen
• Vetten
– Hydrofobe staarten van fosfolipiden, cholesterol
• Eiwitten
• Koolhydraten




Functies van membraaneiwitten:
– Receptoreiwitten:
• Gevoelig voor boodschapper uit ECV  celactiviteit verandert
– Kanaaleiwitten
• Transport van hydrofiele stoffen
– Dragereiwitten / carriers
• Vervoer stoffen doorheen celmembraan
– Enzymen
– Verankeringseiwitten
• Vasthechting mb aan andere structuren
– Herkenningseiwitten
• Immunogeen: lichaamseigen of vreemd? Gezond?




2

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Uploaded on
January 18, 2022
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Written in
2019/2020
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