Chamberlain College of Nursing DIFFERENTIAL NR511 final-exam1-2021.

The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety? The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (text revision) state that excessiveiworry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least? A 20-year-old woman is seen in the clinic because her boyfriend was found to have gonorrhea. Which ofthe following is the treatment of choice for gonorrhea? a. Ceftriaxone b. Doxycycline c. Acyclovir d. Metronidazole Ceftriaxone A patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. To make a differential diagnosis, whichof the following questions should be asked? a. "Do you have a history of liver disease?" b. c. "Have you noticed swelling in your ankles?" d. All of the above "What medications are you currently taking" A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. The clinician should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria? a. NSAIDs b. Beets c. Vitamin A d. Red meat NSAIDS A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI). What are some additional symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI? a. Back and abdominal pain b. Fever, chills, costovertebralangle (CVA) tenderness "Whatimedicationsiareiyouicurrentlyitaking? Gamma-aminobutyriciacidi(GABA) 6 lOMoARcPSD| c. d. Foul-smelling discharge, perinealitch Blood in urine ad frequency A 30-year-old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine shows greater than 10 leukocytes/mL, and a dipstick is positive for nitrites. What is the probable diagnosis?ia. iLoweriurinaryitract b. Chlamydia infection c. Candidiasis d. Pyelonephritis Lower urinary tract infection A patient presentswith CVA tenderness and a several-day history of high fever, chills, and dysuria. Whichof the following diagnoses is most likely given the above information? a. Pyelonephritis b. Cystitis c. Renal calculi d. Bladder tumor Pyelonephritis A patient is diagnosed with urge incontinence. Before prescribing Detrol XL, the provider should question the patient about which of these contraindications to this medication? a. Diarrhea b. Parkinson's disease c. d. Breast cancer Closed-angle glaucoma A patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patient for which risk factor for kidney stones? a. Hypertension b. Constipation c. Tubal ligation d. Diabetes Hypertensio n A patient is diagnosed with overactive bladder. Which of the following instructions should be given to this woman? a. "Limit the amount of water that you drink." c. "Wear panty liners." d. All of the above Eliminate caffeine from your diet Closed-angleiglaucoma ib. i"Eliminate icaffeineifrom Bloodiiniurineiand lOMoARcPSD| A 34-year-old patient was treated for a UTI and has not responded to antibiotic therapy. Which of the following actions should be taken next? a. b. Increase the dose of antibiotic. c. Order acytoscopy. d. Order a different antibiotic. Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies Which of the following are predisposing factors for pyelonephritis? a. Pregnancy b. Dehydration c. Smoking d. Alkaline urine Pregnancy A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis. How should this patient be managed? a. 3-day course oforal antibiotics c. Encourage cranberry juice intake. d. 6-week course of antibiotics Hospitalization Oral antibiotics may be prescribed in mild cases of acute pyelonephritis, characterized by the absence of nausea and vomiting or signs of sepsis. First-line therapy includes ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg two times daily for 7 days, or ciprofloxacin extended-release (Cipro XR) 1,000 mg daily for 7 days, or levofloxacin (Levaquin) 750 mg daily for 5 days. Hospitalizationimayibeiindicated,idependingionitheipatient'siabilityitoimaintainiadequateifluidiintake anditoitolerateioraliantibiotics,ialongiwithitheiseverityiofitheisymptomsiandievidenceiofibacteremia. Hospitalizationiofipatientsiwhoiareipregnant,ivomiting,ioridehydratedishouldibeistronglyiconsidered. Likewise,itheipatient'sidegreeiofisystemiciillnessi(bacteremiaioriurosepsis),iage,ihistoryiofichronic disease,iorinonadherenceitoitherapyimayileaditoitheiassessmentithatihospitalizationiisinecessary. Ninetyifiveipercentiofipatientsidemonstrateiaigoodiresponseiwithini48ihoursitoiIViantibioticitreatment andimayibeidischargedioniappropriateioralimedication,ionceiurineicultureiandiantibioticisensitivity resultsiareiavailableiandisubsequentiantimicrobialitherapyimayibeinarrowediinispectrum. A patient is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis.In addition to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of differential diagnoses? a. Pancreatitis b. Peptic ulcer disease