AMNH Questions and answers GARDED A+

Which condition provides the greatest support for a strong genetic contribution to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)? Select one: a. ASDs are more likely to occur in children of parents who are over 35 at time of conception. b. Concordance among dizygotic twins is 10%. c. People with some neurologic disorders also have features of ASDs. d. Males are affected four times more frequently than females. Feedback The correct answer is: Concordance among dizygotic twins is 10%. Question 2 Juliet tells a nurse that she has three aunts (two on her father’s side, ages 42 and 56, and one on her mother’s side, age 62) who were diagnosed with breast cancer. She asks if she should have genetic testing. What should the nurse tell her? Select one: a. “Because no men in your family are affected, it is not inherited cancer so you don’t need mammograms or any special screening practices.” b. “Your family history indicates a high risk and you should definitely have genetic testing.” c. “Because your aunts were older when they got breast cancer, it was probably sporadic and you should just have regular mammograms like everyone else.” d. “Your family history may indicate an increased risk for breast cancer and a genetic counselor could help determine whether you could benefit from genetic testing.” Feedback The correct answer is: “Your family history may indicate an increased risk for breast cancer and a genetic counselor could help determine whether you could benefit from genetic testing.” Question 3 How are malignant tumors different from benign tumors? Select one: a. Benign tumors have totally normal features, and malignant tumors have totally abnormal features. b. Malignant tumors grow by expansion, and benign tumors grow by invasion. c. Malignant tumors lose plasma membranes, and benign tumors continue to produce them. d. Benign tumors retain parental cell functions, and malignant tumors lose parental cell functions. Feedback The correct answer is: Benign tumors have totally normal features, and malignant tumors have totally abnormal features. Question 4 A patient has a very high concentration of insulin receptors on cells that require insulin for glucose to enter. How should insulin dosages be adjusted for this patient to have blood glucose levels within the normal range? Select one: a. Insulin dosages should be given more frequently because the drug will be eliminated at a faster rate. b. Insulin dosages should be increased because cells will be less sensitive to the presence of active insulin c. Insulin dosages should be decreased because the drug will exert its actions at lower concentrations. d. Insulin dosages should be given less frequently because the drug will remain bound to receptors longer. Feedback The correct answer is: Insulin dosages should be decreased because the drug will exert its actions at lower concentrations. Question 5 What is the result of a mutation occurring in a suppressor gene? Select one: a. Gain of a new function b. Increased “error­prone” DNA repair c. Loss of an existing function d. Increased unequal “crossing over” during meiosis I Feedback The correct answer is: Loss of an existing function