C04_TB_Krahn_WICS7e

Chapter I4: IGood IJobs, IBad IJobs, INo IJobs I Multiple-Choice IQuestions I Identify Ithe Ichoice Ithat Ibest Ianswers Ithe Iquestion. 1. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ijob Iquality? a. There Iare Iuniversal Istandards Iof Ijob Iquality. b. Pay Iis Ithe Isole Iindicator Iof Iwhat Ican Ibe Iconsidered Ia I“good Ijob.” c. All Inonstandard Ioccupations Ican Ibe Iconsidered I“bad Ijobs.” d. Job Iquality Iis Idetermined Iboth Iby Ijob Icharacteristics Iand Ipersonal Ipreferences. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I94–95 BLM: Higher IOrder 2. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Ian Iexample Iof Ian Iextrinsic Ijob Ireward? a. Job Isatisfaction. b. Diversity Iin Iday-to-day Itasks. c. Health Ibenefits. d. Autonomy Ion Ithe Ijob. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I95 BLM: Remember 3. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ithe Ifemale–male Iearnings Iratio Iin ICanada? a. Women Iand Imen Iearn Iequal Ipay Iin Imost Ioccupations. b. The Igender Iwage Igap Ihas Inot Ideclined Iover Ithe Ipast Iseveral Idecades. c. Female Iteachers Iand Iprofessors Iearn Imore Ithan Itheir Imale Icounterparts. d. Differences Iin Ithe Igender Iwage Igap Ivary Iconsiderably Iacross Ioccupations. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I96–97 BLM: Remember 4. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes Iincome Idifferences Iacross Iindustries Iin ICanada? a. On Iaverage, Igoods-producing Iindustries Ipay Iless Ithan Iservice Iindustries. b. Earnings Iin Imanufacturing Iare Ihigher Ithan Iin Iresource Iextraction. c. There Iis Ia Ilarge Iamount Iof Ivariation Iin Iincome Iwithin Ithe Iservice Isector. d. Incomes Iin Iconstruction Iare Iamong Ithe Ihighest Iin Iany Iindustry. I ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I96 BLM: Higher IOrder 5. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ithe Iadditional Iemployment Ibenefits Ireceived Iby ICanadian Iworkers? I a. Full-time Iemployees Iare Itwo Ito Ithree Itimes Imore Ilikely Ithan Ipart-time Iemployees Ito Ireceive Iadditional Iemployment Ibenefits. b. The Icost Ito Iemployers Iof Iproviding Isuch Ibenefits Ideclined Iduring Ithe Isecond Ihalf Iof Ithe I20th Icentury. I c. Most Iemployees Ihave Ia Idental Iplan, Ibut Ionly Ia Ismall Iminority Ihave Ipension Iplans. I d. Employers Ioften I“even Ithings Iout” Iby Iproviding Imore Ibenefits Ito Ilower Ipaid Iworkers. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I99–101 BLM: Higher IOrder 6. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Inot Ian Iexample Iof Ian I“additional Iemployment Ibenefit?” a. Paid Ivacation. b. Sick Ileave. c. Life Iinsurance. d. Performance Ipay. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I99 BLM: Remember 7. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Idescribes Ioccupational Idifferences Iin Inon-wage Ibenefits Iin ICanada? a. The Imajority Iof Ipart-time Iand Ifull-time Iworkers Ihave Ia Ipension Iplan. b. Professionals Iare Imore Ilikely Ito Ihave Ia Igroup IRRSP Ithan Imarketing/sales Iworkers. c. A Isimilar Ipercentage Iof Inonunionized Iand Iunionized Iworkers Ihave Iaccess Ito Ilife/disability Iinsurance. d. The Iproportion Iof Iworkers Iwith Imedical Iinsurance Iis Isimilar Iacross Iall Ioccupations. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I101 BLM: Higher IOrder 8. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes Ioccupational Istatus? a. Occupations Iwith Ibetter Iextrinsic Irewards Ioften Ihave Ihigher Istatus. I b. Occupational Istatus Iis Inot Irelated Ito Iincome. c. Occupations Irequiring Ihigher Ilevels Iof Iskill Ialways Ihave Ihigher Istatus. I d. Occupational Istatus Iis Isynonymous Iwith Ijob Isecurity. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I102 BLM: Remember 9. According Ito IMonica IBoyd’s Isocioeconomic Istatus I(SES) Iscale, Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ioccupations Iwould Ihave Ithe Ilowest Iscore? a. Hairstylists. b. Doctors. c. Nannies. d. Receptionists. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I103 BLM: Remember 10. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Inonstandard Iemployment Iin ICanada? I a. Close Ito I60 Ipercent Iof Iemployed ICanadians Iare Inow Iin Inonstandard Ijobs. I b. Self-employment Irates Ihave Ibeen Ideclining Isteadily Isince Ithe I1990s.   c. Temporary I(contract) Iwork Iis Ithe Imost Icommon Iform Iof Inonstandard Iwork. I d. For Ithe Ipast Itwo Idecades, Ipart-time Iemployment Irates Ihave Iremained Ijust Ibelow I20 Ipercent. I ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I105 BLM: Higher IOrder 11. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ipart-time Iemployment Iin ICanada? a. Part-time Iemployment Irates Ihave Iremained Istable Iover Ithe Ipast Ifew Idecades. b. There Iare Imore Imen Ithan Iwomen Iworking Ipart-time Iin ICanada. c. The Ipart-time Iemployment Irate Iis Ihigher Ifor Iworkers Iunder Ithe Iage Iof I25. d. Part-time Iemployment Ifor Iwomen I25 Iand Iover Ihas Iincreased Idramatically Iin Ithe Ipast Ifew Idecades. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pp. I105–107 BLM: Remember 12. Approximately Iwhat Iproportion Iof Iemployed ICanadians Iworked Ipart-time Iin I2012? a. About I5 Ipercent. b. About I20 Ipercent. c. About I40 Ipercent. d. About I50 Ipercent. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I107 BLM: Remember 13. The Iterm Iinvoluntary Ipart-time Iworker Ibest Idescribes Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Workers Iwho Icannot Ifind Ia Ifull-time Ijob. b. Individuals Iwho Iprefer Ito Iwork Ipart-time. c. Individuals Iwho Ihave Isignificant Ifamily Iresponsibilities. d. Students Iwho Iwork Ipart-time Iwhile Iin Ischool. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I107–108 BLM: Remember I 14. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Iself-employment Iin ICanada? a. More Ipeople Iwere Iself-employed Iin I2012 Ithan Iin Ithe Imid-20th Icentury. b. Self-employment Iin Ithe Isecondary Iand Iservice Isectors Ihas Iincreased Iover Ithe Ipast Ifew Idecades. c. There Iare Imore Iself-employed Iemployers Ithan Iown-account Iself-employed. d. Women Iare Imore Ilikely Ito Ibe Iself-employed Ithan Imen. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I111 BLM: Remember 15. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ithe Iaverage Inumber Iof Ihours Iworked Iper Iweek I in ICanada Itoday? I a. Fewer Iemployed ICanadians Iare Iworking Ipart-time Icompared Ito Iseveral Idecades Iago. I b. Part-time Iemployment Irates Ideclined Iduring Ithe Irecessions Iof I1981–82 Iand I1990–92. I c. Compared Ito Ia Idecade Ior Itwo Iago, Imore ICanadians Iare Iworking Ipart-time Iand Imore Iare Ialso Iworking Imore Ithan I40 Ihours Iper Iweek. I d. The Iaverage Inumber Iof Ihours Iworked Iper Iweek Ideclined Iuntil Ithe I1950s, Iand Ithen Islowly Iincreased Iagain. I ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I113 BLM: Higher IOrder 16. Sally Iworks Ipart-time Iat Ia Ilocal Ifarm Iwhile Ion Iher Isummer Ivacation Ifrom Ischool. IWhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Idoes Inot Idescribe Iher Ijob? a. Nonstandard Iwork. b. Limited-term Icontract Iwork. c. Seasonal Iwork. I d. Temporary Iwork. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I109 BLM: Higher IOrder 17. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Igroups Iare Iexcluded Ifrom Ithe Iofficial Idefinition Iof I unemployment? I a. People Inot Ilooking Ifor Iwork Ibecause Ithey Ibelieve Ithere Iare Ino Ijobs Iavailable. b. People Ireceiving IEmployment IInsurance I(formerly IUnemployment IInsurance). c. The Idisabled Iwho Iare Iactively Ilooking Ifor Ia Ijob. d. Students Iwho Iare Iactively Ilooking Ifor Ia Ipart-time Ijob. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I115–116 BLM: Higher IOrder 18. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout ICanadian Iunemployment Itrends? a. Unemployment Irates Iin Ithe Ipast Idecade Ihave Igenerally Ibeen Ihigher Ithan Ithey Iwere Iin Ithe I1980s Iand I1990s. b. Youth Iunemployment Irates Ihave Ibeen Isystematically Ihigher Ithan Iadult Irates Ifor Ithe Ipast Ifew Idecades. c. There Iare Ifew Inoteworthy Iregional Idifferences Iin Iunemployment Irates. I d. Unemployment Iwas Ihigher Iin Ithe I1980s Ithan Iin Iany Iother Idecade Iin Ithe Ipast Icentury. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pp. I117–118, I120–121 BLM: Higher IOrder 19. Lijuan Ihas Ia IBachelor Iof IEducation Idegree. IOver Ithe Ipast Ifive Iyears Ishe Ihas Iworked Iat Iseveral Ijobs Iincluding Ichild-care Iworker, Itutor, Iand Inursery Ischool Iteacher. IShe Ihas Ialso Iexperienced Iseveral Iperiods Iof Iunemployment Ibetween Ithese Ijobs. IWhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Idescribes ILijuan’s Iunemployment Ihistory? a. Structural Iunemployment. b. Cyclical Iunemployment. c. Frictional Iunemployment. d. Regional Iunemployment. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I123 BLM: Higher IOrder 20. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Idescribes I“cyclical Iunemployment”? a. The Iongoing Imovement Iof Iworkers Iin Iand Iout Iof Ijobs Ias Ithey Itry Ito Ifind Iemployment Ithat Ibest Ifits Itheir Iskills Iand Iaspirations. b. Unemployment Irates Irising Iduring Irecessions Iand Ideclining Ias Ithe Ieconomy Irecovers. I c. Unemployment Irates Irising Idue Ito Iincreased Ilevels Iof Iimmigration. d. Unemployment Irates Irising Ibecause Iof Ichanging Iwork Ivalues. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I123 BLM: Remember Short IAnswer IQuestions I 21. I What Iis Imeant Iby Ithe Iterm Inonstandard Iemployment? IIn Ia Ifew Isentences Iexplain Ithe Itrends Iin Inonstandard Iemployment Iin ICanada Iin Irecent Iyears. REF: Ipp. I103–105 I 22. Briefly Ioutline Ihistorical Itrends Iin Iself-employment Iin ICanada. IDistinguish Ibetween Iself-employed Iemployers Iand Iown-account Iself-employment. REF: Ipp. I110–113 23. Briefly Ioutline Ihow Iunemployment Irates Ivary Iby Igender, Iage, Iand Iregion Iin ICanada. REF: Ipp. I119–122 Essay IQuestions I 24. In Irecent Iyears Ithe Itopic Iof Ijob Iquality Ihas Ireceived Iincreased Ipublic Iattention. IWhy Iis Ijob Iquality Iimportant? IHow Ido Iwe Idifferentiate Ibetween I“good” Iand I“bad” Ijobs? IHow Iare Ithey Idistributed Iacross Ioccupations Iand Iindustries? IWhat Iare Ithe Iimplications Iof Ijob Iquality Itrends Ifor Iemployers Iand Iworkers? Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Ishould Ioperationalize Ijob Iquality, Idistinguishing Ibetween Iextrinsic Iand Iintrinsic Irewards, Iand Ioutlining Ioccupation/industry Idifferences Iwith Irespect Ito Iincome Iand Iadditional Iemployment Ibenefits. IA Ireference Ito Ithe Igrowth Iof Inonstandard Iwork Iwould Ibe Iuseful, Iparticularly Iwhen Ithinking Iabout Ithe Iimplications Iof Ichanging Ijob Iquality Ifor Iworkers. I I 25. Based Ion Iwhat Iyou Ihave Iread Iin IChapter I4, Idescribe Ihow Ithe Itypes Iof Ijobs Ia ICanadian Imight Ihave Iexpected Ito Iobtain Ihave Ichanged Iover Ithe Icourse Iof Ithe I20th Icentury. IHow Ihave Ithe Ichances Iof Ibeing Ijobless Ichanged Iover Ithis Itime? I   Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IThis Iquestion Iis Ifairly Iopen-ended Iand Istudents Icould Igo Iin Ia Inumber Iof Idifferent Idirections. IHowever, Ia Igood Ianswer Ishould Ireference Ioccupation/industry Ishifts Iand Ichanging Iwork Iarrangements I(e.g., Ipart-time, Itemporary, Iself-employment). IStudents Ishould Ialso Idiscuss Ihow Iunemployment Irates Ivary. IThey Imight Igo Ifurther Ito Idiscuss Idifferences Iin Iemployment Iand Iunemployment Iopportunities Iby Iregion, Iage, Iand Igender, Iand Ihow Ithey Imay Ihave Ichanged. I 26. Based Ion Ithe Itrends Iyou Ihave Iread Iabout Iin IChapters I3 Iand I4, Idescribe Iwhat Iyou Isee Ias Ithe Imost Ipressing Iissues Ifacing ICanadian Iemployers Iand Iworkers Ifor Ithe Inext Ifew Idecades Ito Icome? I Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IAnswers Ito Ithis Iquestion Imay Ivary. IGood Ianswers Imight Idiscuss Igrowing Ieconomic Idisparities Iand Iinequalities Iin Ithe Ilabour Imarket. IStudents Icould Idiscuss Idemographic Ifactors I(e.g., Iaging Iworkforce, Iincreased Idiversity), Inonstandard Iwork, Iand Ithe Iexpansion Iof Ithe Iservice Isector, Ias Iwell Ias Ihow Ithese Ichanges Imight Ibe Iexperienced Idifferently Iby Iindividuals Idepending Ion Itheir Igender, Irace, Iage, Iand Igeographic Ilocation. I 27. See IDiscussion IQuestions Iat Ithe Iend Iof IChapter I4 Ifor Iadditional Iideas Ifor Iexamination Iessay Iquestions. I