C06_TB_Krahn_WICS7e

Chapter I6: IGender Iand IPaid IEmployment I Multiple-Choice IQuestions Identify Ithe Ichoice Ithat Ibest Ianswers Ithe Iquestion. 1. I Marjorie ICohen’s Ianalysis Iof Ithe IOntario Ieconomy Iin Ithe I19th Icentury Idemonstrates Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Women’s Ihousehold Ilabour Ihad Ino Ieconomic Ivalue. b. The Ihousehold Iwas Icrucial Ito Ieconomic Idevelopment. c. Women’s Ihousehold Ilabour Iwas Ihighly Ivalued Iat Ithe Itime. d. There Ihas Ialways Ibeen Ia Iclear Iseparation Ibetween Iwork Iinside Iand Ioutside Iof Ithe Ihome. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I175 BLM: Higher IOrder 2. I The Iconcept I“family Iwage” Iis Ibest Idescribed Iby Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. It Ihas Ibeen Ipromoted Ias Ia Isolution Ito Iproblems Iof Ibalancing Iwork Iand Ifamily. I b. It Idescribes Ithe Ibelief Ithat Imen’s Iwages Ishould Ibe Ihigh Ienough Ifor Ithem Ito Isupport Ia Iwife Iand Ifamily. I c. It Idescribes Ithe Ibelief Ithat Iwages Ishould Ibe Ikept Ilow Iso Ithat Iboth Iwives Iand Ihusbands Ihave Ito Iwork Ioutside Ithe Ihome. d. It Iis Ianother Iterm Ifor Ia Iguaranteed Iannual Iincome. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I177 BLM: Remember 3. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout ICanadian Ifemale Ilabour Iforce Iparticipation I(LFP) Irates? I a. Canada Ihas Ione Iof Ithe Ihighest Ifemale ILFP Irates Iamong IWestern Iindustrialized Icountries. I b. Less Ithan Ihalf Iof Iemployed Imothers Iwith Ian Iemployed Ispouse Iare Iin Ithe Ilabour Iforce. I c. Education Ihas Ivirtually Ino Iinfluence Ion Ifemale ILPF Irates. d. A Ilarge Imajority Iof Imothers Iwho Iare Ilone Iparents Iare Iin Ithe Ilabour Iforce. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I179–182 BLM: Higher IOrder 4. I In Iwhich Iprovince Iis Ifemale Ilabour Iforce Iparticipation I(LFP) Ithe Ihighest, Iand Iin Iwhich Iprovince Iis Iit Ithe Ilowest? a. Highest Iin IAlberta; Ilowest Iin INewfoundland Iand ILabrador. b. Highest Iin IOntario; Ilowest Iin IQuebec. I c. Highest Iin IBritish IColumbia; Ilowest Iin INova IScotia. I d. Highest Iin IQuebec; Ilowest Iin ISaskatchewan. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I181–182 BLM: Remember 5. The Iterm Ifemale Ijob Ighettos Ibest Idescribes Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Occupations Iwith Ilow Ipay Ibut Igood Iemployment Ibenefits. b. Lower-status Iwork Ifound Iin Iundesirable Igeographic Ilocations. c. Work Ithat Ioffers Ilow Ipay Iand Ifew Iopportunities Ifor Icareer Iadvancement. d. Occupations Ithat Iwomen Iare Inaturally Ibetter Isuited Ifor Ithan Imen. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I184 BLM: Remember 6. I The I“gender Ilabelling Iof Ijobs” Iis Ibest Icharacterized Iby Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. The Icategories Iof Ijobs Iresulting Ifrom Iemployment Iequity Iprograms. I b. The Ioverall Ipattern Iof Iemployers Imaking Irational Ihiring Idecisions. I c. The Ioutcome Iof Ilow-skill Ijobs Ibeing Ipaid Iless Ithan Ihigh-skill Ijobs. I d. The Iprocess Iwhereby Ijobs Iinvolving Icaring Ior Idomestic Iduties Icame Ito Ibe Iseen Ias Imost Iappropriate Ifor Iwomen. I ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I184–185 BLM: Remember 7. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ithe Ioccupational Idistribution Iof Iwomen Iand Imen Iin ICanada? a. In Igeneral, Ithe Igender Idistribution Iis Ieven Iacross Ioccupations. b. A Ilarger Ipercentage Iof Iall Iwomen Iwork Iin Inatural Iand Iapplied Iscience Ioccupations, Icompared Ito Iall Imen. c. Sales Iand Iservice Ioccupations Iare Icomprised Iof Iroughly I50 Ipercent Iwomen. d. A Ilarger Ipercentage Iof Iall Iwomen Iwork Iin Ihealth Ioccupations, Icompared Ito Iall Imen. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I185–186 BLM: Higher IOrder 8. I Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibest Icharacterizes Ithe Igendered Inature Iof Inonstandard Iwork? a. The I“standard” Ijob Ican Ibe Iunderstood Ias Ia Imasculine Inorm Iof Iemployment. b. There Iis Ia Igendered, Ibut Inot Ia Iracial, Idimension Ito Inonstandard Iwork. I c. After Iincreasing Iin Ithe I1980s Iand I1990s, Ithe Ipercentage Iof Iwomen Iin Inonstandard Ijobs Iis Inow Ideclining. d. Very Ifew Iwomen Ichoose Iself-employment Ior Iother Iforms Iof Inonstandard Iwork. I ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: pp. I187–188 BLM: Remember 9. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Ithe Iproportion Iof Iwomen Ienrolled Iin Ifull-time Iuniversity Iin I2006–2007 Iin ICanada? a. Roughly Ithe Isame Iproportion Iof Iwomen Iand Imen Iwere Ienrolled Iin Ieducation Iprograms. b. More Iwomen Ithan Imen Iwere Ienrolled Iin Ihealth Iprofessions Iprograms.   c. Overall, Imore Imen Ithan Iwomen Iwere Ienrolled Iin Iundergraduate Iprograms. d. Roughly Ithe Isame Iproportion Iof Iwomen Iand Imen Iwere Ienrolled Iin Iengineering Iprograms. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. I191 BLM: Higher IOrder 10. I Evidence Ithat I60 Ipercent Iof Ipublic Ischool Iteachers Iare Iwomen Iwhile Ionly I20 Ipercent Iof Iprincipals Iand Ivice-principals Iare Iwomen Iis Ievidence Iof Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Sexual Iharassment. I b. Horizontal Ioccupational Igender Isegregation. I c. Vertical Ioccupational Igender Isegregation. d. Different Iaptitudes Iand Iskills Iof Iwomen Iand Imen. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I193 BLM: Higher IOrder 11. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Igender-based Idifferences Iin Iearnings Iin ICanada? a. For Ifull-time/full-year Iworkers, Ithere Iis Ino Ilonger Ia Igender Iwage Igap. b. A Inarrowing Iof Ithe Igender Iwage Igap Ican Ibe Ipartially Iexplained Iby Idecreasing Imale Iwages. c. In I2011, Ithe Igender Iwage Igap Iwas Iroughly Ithe Isame Ias Iit Iwas Iin I1976. d. The Igender Iwage Igap Iis Iwider Iin I2011 Ithan Iit Iwas Iin I1976. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pp. I196–197 BLM: Remember 12. When INancy Iwas Ia Ichild, Iher Imother Itold Iher Ishe Icould Ibe Ia Idoctor Iwhen Ishe Igrew Iup. IEventually, INancy Idecided Ito Iwork Ias Ia Inurse, Ias Ithat Iwas Ithe Ioccupation Iwhere Ishe Ibelieved Iher Inatural Iskills Iwould Ibe Ibest Iemployed. IWhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Itheories Ibest Iexplains INancy’s Icareer Itrajectory? a. I Human Icapital Itheory. b. Labour Isegmentation Itheory. c. Gender-role Isocialization. d. Dual-economies Itheory. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I203 BLM: Higher IOrder 13. Rosabeth IMoss IKanter’s Imain Iargument Iabout Igender Iinequality Iin Iorganizations Ican Ibe Ibest Idescribed Iby Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Men Iand Iwomen Iemployed Iin Isimilar Ioccupations Iin Ian Iorganization Iwill Ireact Iin Idifferent Iways Ito Itheir Ijob Iconditions. b. There Iis Ia Ibiological Ibasis Ifor Igender Iinequality Iin Iorganizations. I   c. There Iis Ilittle Igender Iinequality Iin Imodern Iorganizations. d. An Iindividual’s Iposition Iwithin Ian Iorganization Iinfluences Ihis Ior Iher Iattitudes Iand Ibehaviour. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I204–205 BLM: Higher IOrder 14. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iabout Iresearch Ion I“tokenism” Iin Ithe Iworkplace? a. Men Iin Inon-traditional Ijobs Isometimes Ibenefit Ifrom Ihaving Itoken Istatus. b. Women Ioften Ibenefit Ifrom Ihaving Itoken Istatus. c. Because Ithey Iare Ifew Iin Inumber, Iindividuals Iwith Itoken Istatus Ioften Ihave Isignificant Isocial Isupport. d. In Igeneral, Itoken Iwomen Iin Iorganizations Ihave Igood Iaccesses Ito Iresources, Ijob Iopportunities, Iand Irewards. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I206 BLM: Higher IOrder 15. I Rosabeth IMoss IKanter Iused Ithe Iterm Ioffice Iwife Ito Idescribe Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Isituations? a. A Ifemale Isenior Imanager Iwho Iis Iresented Iby Ithe Imen Ishe Isupervises. I b. A Iwoman Icoerced Iinto Ia Isexual Irelationship Iwith Iher Iemployer. I c. A Iwoman Iwho Ico-owns I(with Iher Ipartner) Ia Ismall Ibusiness. I d. A Isecretary Iwho Iis Ivery Iloyal Ito Iher Iemployer Iwho Iis Ivery Idependent Ion Iher Iskills. I ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. I206 BLM: Remember 16. Research Ion Igender Iand Isexuality Iin Ithe Iworkplace Ihighlights Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Sexuality Iis Imostly Iabsent Ifrom Ithe Iworkplace. b. Work Iinstitutions Ioften Ichallenge Isocially Iconstructed Iideas Iabout Imasculinity, Ifemininity, Iand Iheterosexuality. c. Relationships Iat Iwork Iand Iwork Istructures Icontribute Ito Idefining Igender Ifor Imen Iand Iwomen. d. Since Ithe Ilate I20th Icentury, Isexual Iharassment Ihas Ibeen Ilargely Iabsent Ifrom Ithe Iworkplace. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: pp. I207–208 BLM: Remember 17. Research Ion Isexual Iharassment Iin Ithe Iworkplace Idemonstrates Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. Sexual Iharassment Ihas Ibeen Ilargely Ieradicated Ifrom Ithe Iworkplace. b. In Ithe Iservice Ieconomy, Isexual Iharassment Imay Ioriginate Ifrom Icustomers. c. Women Iexperience Iless Isexual Iharassment Iin Inon-traditional Ioccupations. d. Sexual Iharassment Iaffects Iwomen Iand Imen Iequally. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: pp. I207–208 BLM: Remember 18. Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Igroups Ihave Ibeen Itargeted Ias I“equity Igroups” Ito Iachieve Iemployment Iequity Iand Ieliminate Ithe Ieffects Iof Idiscrimination Iin ICanada? a. Aboriginal Ipeoples, Irecent Iimmigrants, Iolder Iworkers, Iand Ipersons Iwith Idisabilities. b. Persons Iwith Idisabilities, ILGBTQ Iindividuals, Irecent Iimmigrants, Iand Iwomen. c. Women, ILGBTQ Iindividuals, IAboriginal Ipeoples, Iand Ipersons Iwith Idisabilities. d. Women, Ivisible Iminorities, IAboriginal Ipeoples, Iand Ipersons Iwith Idisabilities. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: pp. I208–209 BLM: Remember 19. Leck’s Istudy Iof Iwomen’s Ilabour Imarket Iprogress Ias Ia Iresult Iof Ithe IEmployment IEquity IAct Idemonstrates Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? a. In Igeneral, Iorganizations Iwith Iequity Iprograms Iincreased Ithe Inumber Iof Iwomen Ithey Iemployed. b. Managers Iperceived Iproductivity Ito Iincrease Ifollowing Ithe Iimplementation Iof Iequity Iprograms. c. In Igeneral, Iequity Iprograms Ihave Ihad Inegative Ieffects Ion Ihuman Iresource Ipractices. I d. Equity Iprograms Ihave Idecreased I“male Ibacklash” Iin Ithe Iworkplace. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. I210 BLM: Higher IOrder 20. I The Iprovince Iof IPrairieland Irecently Icreated Ia IMinistry Iof IJobs Ito Ilook Iat Ithe Isalaries Iof Idifferent Itypes Iof Igovernment Ijobs. IThe Inew Iministry Ihas Irecommended Ithat Ioffice Imanagers Ibe Ipaid Ias Imuch Ias Icomputer Isystems Imanagers, Ibased Ion Ia Icomparison Iof Iskills Irequired Ifor Iand Iresponsibilities Iinvolved Iin Iboth Ijobs. IWhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iterms Ibest Idescribes Ithis Irecommendation? I a. Skill Ienhancement Iprogram. I b. Employment Iequity Iprogram. I c. Pay Iequity Iprogram. I d. Anti-discrimination Iprogram. I ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. I211 BLM: Higher IOrder Short IAnswer IQuestions I 21. I In Ia Ifew Isentences, Idescribe Ithe I“family Iwage Iideology.” IWhat Ihave Ibeen Isome Iof Iits Ilasting Ieffects? I REF: Ipp. I177–178 22. Briefly Idescribe Ihow Ifemale Iand Imale Ilabour Iforce Iparticipation Irates Ivary Iin ICanada. IIdentify Isome Iof Ithe Ifactors Iresponsible Ifor Ithese Idifferences. REF: Ipp. I178–183   23. In Ia Ifew Isentences, Iexplain Ithe Idifference Ibetween Ihorizontal Iand Ivertical Igender Istratification Iwithin Ioccupations. I REF: Ipp. I192–196 24. Outline IElizabeth IMoss IKanter’s Itheory Iof Igender Iinequality Iin Iwork Iorganizations. I REF: Ipp. I204–206 Essay IQuestions 25. Define Iemployment Iequity Iand Ipay Iequity Ipolicies Iand Idiscuss Ihow Ithey Idiffer. IHow Ieffective Ihave Ithey Ibeen Iin ICanada? IHow Imight Ithese Ipolicies Ibe Iimproved Ito Ihelp Iensure Ithat Itheir Igoals Iare Imet? I Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Ishould Idefine Iand Iexplain Iemployment Iequity Iand Ipay Iequity I(pp. I208–212). ILeck I(pp. I210–211) Ioffers Ia Igood Icritique Iof Iemployment Iequity Iprograms. IA Igood Ianswer Imight Igo Ibeyond Igender Iissues Ito Idiscuss Iimpacts Ion Iother Idesignated Igroups I(e.g., IAboriginal ICanadians, Iworkers Iwith Idisabilities, Ivisible Iminority Igroups). I 26. Apply Ithe Ilabour Imarket Isegmentation Itheory Iand Ithe Igendered Iwork Iand Iorganizations Itheory Ito Ian Ianalysis Iof Igender Iinequality Iin Ithe Ilabour Imarket. IHow Ido Ithese Imodels Iaccount Ifor Iboth Igender Istratification Iwithin Ioccupations Ias Iwell Ias Ithe Igender Iwage Igap? Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Ishould Ibriefly Ioutline Ithe Ilabour Imarket Isegmentation Iand Igendered Iwork Iand Iorganizations Itheories. IA Igood Iresponse Iwill Idescribe Itrends Iin Iwomen’s Ilabour Imarket Iparticipation, Ihighlighting Ithe Iprevalence Iof Iwomen Iworking Iin Iservice-sector Iand Isecondary Ilabour Imarket Ioccupations I(pp. I185–188). IStudents Imight Ialso Iexamine Ihistorical Itrends Iin Iwomen’s Iengagement Iwith Ithe Ilabour Imarket. ITurning Ito Iresearch Ion Igendered Iwork Iand Iorganizations, Istudents Ishould Inote Ihow Igendered Iwork Ibehaviour Iis Ireproduced Iwithin Ithe Iworkplace I(pp. I I204–208). 27. What Ihas Ithe Igovernment, Ias Iwell Ias Iemployers, Idone Ito Iwork Itoward Igender Iequality Iin Ithe Iworkplace Iin ICanada? IHow Isuccessful Ihave Itheir Iinitiatives Ibeen? IIn Iyour Iopinion, Iwhat Ifurther Isteps Idoes Ieach Igroup Ineed Ito Itake Iin Ithe Ifuture? Suggested Istudent Iresponse: IStudents Ishould Ihighlight Ithe Irise Iof Iwomen Iparticipating Iin Ipostsecondary Ieducation, Ibut Inote Ithe Igendered Iconcentrations. IA Igood Iresponse Iwill Inote Ithe Iemergence Iof Iemployment Iequity Iprograms Iand Ipolicy Iand Ipay Iequity Ilegislation. I 28. See IDiscussion IQuestions Iat Ithe Iend Iof IChapter I6 Ifor Iadditional Iideas Ifor Iexamination Iessay Iquestions.