BIOL 1322 FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE WITH ANSWERS
◉ carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Answer: list the essential nutrients
◉ list and describe three components to the "philosophy that
works" for a healthy diet
Answer: balance, variety, moderation
◉ chemical from plants that protects cells from damaging
substances that increase the risk of chronic disease
Answer: phytochemicals
◉ long term outcome of consuming a diet that doesn't meet nutrient
needs
Answer: malnourished
◉ foods that are high in energy but low in weight or volume
Answer: energy density
, ◉ provide more nutrients per calorie (spinach, skim milk)
(important for old people)
Answer: nutrient density
◉ where does most digestion occur?
Answer: small intestine
◉ list three functions of the pancreas
Answer: produce hormones (insulin, glucagon), produces and
secretes digestive enzymes. produces and secretes bicarbonate
◉ what is bile? where is it made? stored?
Answer: yellowish-green substance made in the liver and stored in
the gall bladder
◉ how and why is bile recycled?
Answer: recycled in the liver in order to reduce it
◉ how long is the small intestine?
Answer: 20 feet
◉ how is the small intestine designed to increase the absorptive
surface area?
Answer: villi, microvilli, circular folds
GUIDE WITH ANSWERS
◉ carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Answer: list the essential nutrients
◉ list and describe three components to the "philosophy that
works" for a healthy diet
Answer: balance, variety, moderation
◉ chemical from plants that protects cells from damaging
substances that increase the risk of chronic disease
Answer: phytochemicals
◉ long term outcome of consuming a diet that doesn't meet nutrient
needs
Answer: malnourished
◉ foods that are high in energy but low in weight or volume
Answer: energy density
, ◉ provide more nutrients per calorie (spinach, skim milk)
(important for old people)
Answer: nutrient density
◉ where does most digestion occur?
Answer: small intestine
◉ list three functions of the pancreas
Answer: produce hormones (insulin, glucagon), produces and
secretes digestive enzymes. produces and secretes bicarbonate
◉ what is bile? where is it made? stored?
Answer: yellowish-green substance made in the liver and stored in
the gall bladder
◉ how and why is bile recycled?
Answer: recycled in the liver in order to reduce it
◉ how long is the small intestine?
Answer: 20 feet
◉ how is the small intestine designed to increase the absorptive
surface area?
Answer: villi, microvilli, circular folds
