1
Important Questions and Answers
CP25C18 - Green Computing and Sustainability
Syllabus
1. Introduction to Green Computing: Scope - Environmental Impact of Computing - Need
for Sustainable Computing – Power-Aware Resource Management - Green IT - OCED
Green IT Framework – Greening IT - Benefits and Challenges - Quantifying IT Energy
Efficiency.
Activities: Review: E-waste management.
2. Green Hardware: Life cycle of hardware - Reuse, Recycle and Dispose Green Design and
Manufacturing of Computers- Green Software - Energy-Saving Software Techniques.
Activities: Demo: DAQ tools.
3. Sustainable Software Development: attributes – metrics – Methodology - Energy-aware
Software Engineering - Green Algorithms.
Activities: Case study: Project’s Carbon Footprint.
4. Green Data Center: Infrastructure for Energy Efficiency – server power management.
Activities: Poster presentation: Energy issues in Data Centers.
5. Green Data Storage: Practices for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Data Storage -
Optical Interconnects for Green Computers and Data Centers.
Activities: Case study: Energy-efficient cloud computing
6. Managing Green IT: Strategizing Green Initiatives – Implementation - Green IT Laws,
Standards and Protocols- Regulatory Environment and IT Manufacturers.
Activities: Demo: Green IT Laws in India.
Debate: Role of IT professional in Green Computing.
7. Nonregulatory Government Initiatives: Green Building Standards - Sustainability
V.
Reporting and Green Audits.
U
m
Activities: Perform Energy audit in computer lab using software tools.
ap
S.No. Description
at
Unit-I
hy
Introduction to Green Computing
,Pr
Basic Concepts
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 2
S.No. Topic Important Basic Concepts
Green computing is the environmentally responsible use of computers and
1 Green Computing IT resources to reduce energy consumption, electronic waste (e-waste),
and pollution.
Scope of Green Includes green hardware, software, networking, data centres, cloud
2
Computing computing, recycling, energy management and sustainable IT practices.
Environmental Computers consume electricity, generate heat, produce carbon emissions
3
Impact of Computing and create electronic waste containing hazardous materials.
Need for Sustainable Reduces electricity consumption, operating costs, carbon footprint and e-
4
Computing waste while conserving natural resources.
Power-Aware Efficiently manages CPU, memory, storage and network resources using
5 Resource power-saving techniques such as sleep mode, DVFS and server
Management consolidation.
Green IT refers to designing, manufacturing, operating and disposing of
6 Green IT
IT equipment in an environmentally friendly manner.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)
OECD Green IT
7 promotes environmentally sustainable ICT through energy efficiency,
Framework
reduced emissions, responsible resource use and lifecycle management.
Making IT infrastructure sustainable through virtualization, renewable
8 Greening IT energy, energy-efficient hardware, paperless operations and e-waste
recycling.
Benefits of Green Saves energy, reduces costs, minimizes pollution, improves resource
9
Computing utilization, reduces e-waste and supports environmental sustainability.
High initial investment, lack of awareness, technology limitations,
Challenges of Green
10 compatibility issues, e-waste management and implementation
Computing
difficulties.
Measures how effectively an IT system performs useful computing work
11 IT Energy Efficiency
using the minimum possible energy.
Energy-Efficient Uses efficient servers, cooling systems, virtualization and power
12
Data Centre management to reduce electricity consumption.
Important Equations (Copy to Word)
V.
1. Energy Consumption
U
m
ap
Energy (kWh) = Power (kW) × Time (hours)
at
hy
2. Power Consumption
,Pr
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 3
Power (W) = Voltage (V) × Current (A)
3. Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency = Useful Output / Energy Consumed
4. Percentage Energy Savings
Energy Savings (%) = [(Old Energy − New Energy) / Old Energy] × 100
5. Carbon Emission
CO2 Emission (kg) = Energy Consumption (kWh) × Carbon Emission Factor (kg CO2/kWh)
6. Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)
PUE = Total Data Centre Energy / IT Equipment Energy
7. Performance per Watt
Performance per Watt = Computing Performance / Power Consumption
8. Electricity Cost
Electricity Cost = Energy Consumption (kWh) × Cost per kWh
Important Points for Examination
Green Computing: Environment-friendly computing practices.
E-waste: Discarded electronic equipment.
DVFS: Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling.
Virtualization: Running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server.
V.
U
PUE: Measures data centre energy efficiency; a value closer to 1 indicates better efficiency.
m
ap
Greening IT: Reducing the environmental impact of IT systems throughout their lifecycle.
at
hy
Multiple Choice QA
,Pr
1. What is the primary objective of Green Computing?
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 4
A) Increasing computer processing speed
B) Reducing the environmental impact of computing
C) Increasing hardware manufacturing
D) Increasing electricity consumption
Answer: B) Reducing the environmental impact of computing
Reason: Green Computing aims to minimize energy consumption, electronic waste (e-waste), carbon
emissions and environmental pollution throughout the life cycle of IT equipment.
2. Which of the following is an important need for Sustainable Computing?
A) Increasing power consumption
B) Increasing electronic waste
C) Conserving energy and natural resources
D) Increasing hardware replacement
Answer: C) Conserving energy and natural resources
Reason: Sustainable Computing promotes efficient use of energy, materials and resources to reduce
environmental damage and ensure long-term sustainability.
3. What is the main purpose of Power-Aware Resource Management?
A) To increase CPU temperature
B) To reduce power consumption through efficient resource utilization
C) To increase the number of servers
D) To disable energy-saving features
Answer: B) To reduce power consumption through efficient resource utilization
Reason: Power-Aware Resource Management dynamically allocates computing resources, uses CPU
frequency scaling, virtualization and sleep modes to reduce unnecessary energy consumption.
V.
U
4. What does the OECD Green IT Framework mainly focus on?
m
ap
A) Increasing software development cost
at
B) Promoting environmentally sustainable use of Information Technology
hy
C) Increasing electronic waste production
,Pr
D) Improving gaming performance
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
Important Questions and Answers
CP25C18 - Green Computing and Sustainability
Syllabus
1. Introduction to Green Computing: Scope - Environmental Impact of Computing - Need
for Sustainable Computing – Power-Aware Resource Management - Green IT - OCED
Green IT Framework – Greening IT - Benefits and Challenges - Quantifying IT Energy
Efficiency.
Activities: Review: E-waste management.
2. Green Hardware: Life cycle of hardware - Reuse, Recycle and Dispose Green Design and
Manufacturing of Computers- Green Software - Energy-Saving Software Techniques.
Activities: Demo: DAQ tools.
3. Sustainable Software Development: attributes – metrics – Methodology - Energy-aware
Software Engineering - Green Algorithms.
Activities: Case study: Project’s Carbon Footprint.
4. Green Data Center: Infrastructure for Energy Efficiency – server power management.
Activities: Poster presentation: Energy issues in Data Centers.
5. Green Data Storage: Practices for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Data Storage -
Optical Interconnects for Green Computers and Data Centers.
Activities: Case study: Energy-efficient cloud computing
6. Managing Green IT: Strategizing Green Initiatives – Implementation - Green IT Laws,
Standards and Protocols- Regulatory Environment and IT Manufacturers.
Activities: Demo: Green IT Laws in India.
Debate: Role of IT professional in Green Computing.
7. Nonregulatory Government Initiatives: Green Building Standards - Sustainability
V.
Reporting and Green Audits.
U
m
Activities: Perform Energy audit in computer lab using software tools.
ap
S.No. Description
at
Unit-I
hy
Introduction to Green Computing
,Pr
Basic Concepts
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 2
S.No. Topic Important Basic Concepts
Green computing is the environmentally responsible use of computers and
1 Green Computing IT resources to reduce energy consumption, electronic waste (e-waste),
and pollution.
Scope of Green Includes green hardware, software, networking, data centres, cloud
2
Computing computing, recycling, energy management and sustainable IT practices.
Environmental Computers consume electricity, generate heat, produce carbon emissions
3
Impact of Computing and create electronic waste containing hazardous materials.
Need for Sustainable Reduces electricity consumption, operating costs, carbon footprint and e-
4
Computing waste while conserving natural resources.
Power-Aware Efficiently manages CPU, memory, storage and network resources using
5 Resource power-saving techniques such as sleep mode, DVFS and server
Management consolidation.
Green IT refers to designing, manufacturing, operating and disposing of
6 Green IT
IT equipment in an environmentally friendly manner.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)
OECD Green IT
7 promotes environmentally sustainable ICT through energy efficiency,
Framework
reduced emissions, responsible resource use and lifecycle management.
Making IT infrastructure sustainable through virtualization, renewable
8 Greening IT energy, energy-efficient hardware, paperless operations and e-waste
recycling.
Benefits of Green Saves energy, reduces costs, minimizes pollution, improves resource
9
Computing utilization, reduces e-waste and supports environmental sustainability.
High initial investment, lack of awareness, technology limitations,
Challenges of Green
10 compatibility issues, e-waste management and implementation
Computing
difficulties.
Measures how effectively an IT system performs useful computing work
11 IT Energy Efficiency
using the minimum possible energy.
Energy-Efficient Uses efficient servers, cooling systems, virtualization and power
12
Data Centre management to reduce electricity consumption.
Important Equations (Copy to Word)
V.
1. Energy Consumption
U
m
ap
Energy (kWh) = Power (kW) × Time (hours)
at
hy
2. Power Consumption
,Pr
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 3
Power (W) = Voltage (V) × Current (A)
3. Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency = Useful Output / Energy Consumed
4. Percentage Energy Savings
Energy Savings (%) = [(Old Energy − New Energy) / Old Energy] × 100
5. Carbon Emission
CO2 Emission (kg) = Energy Consumption (kWh) × Carbon Emission Factor (kg CO2/kWh)
6. Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)
PUE = Total Data Centre Energy / IT Equipment Energy
7. Performance per Watt
Performance per Watt = Computing Performance / Power Consumption
8. Electricity Cost
Electricity Cost = Energy Consumption (kWh) × Cost per kWh
Important Points for Examination
Green Computing: Environment-friendly computing practices.
E-waste: Discarded electronic equipment.
DVFS: Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling.
Virtualization: Running multiple virtual machines on a single physical server.
V.
U
PUE: Measures data centre energy efficiency; a value closer to 1 indicates better efficiency.
m
ap
Greening IT: Reducing the environmental impact of IT systems throughout their lifecycle.
at
hy
Multiple Choice QA
,Pr
1. What is the primary objective of Green Computing?
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
, 4
A) Increasing computer processing speed
B) Reducing the environmental impact of computing
C) Increasing hardware manufacturing
D) Increasing electricity consumption
Answer: B) Reducing the environmental impact of computing
Reason: Green Computing aims to minimize energy consumption, electronic waste (e-waste), carbon
emissions and environmental pollution throughout the life cycle of IT equipment.
2. Which of the following is an important need for Sustainable Computing?
A) Increasing power consumption
B) Increasing electronic waste
C) Conserving energy and natural resources
D) Increasing hardware replacement
Answer: C) Conserving energy and natural resources
Reason: Sustainable Computing promotes efficient use of energy, materials and resources to reduce
environmental damage and ensure long-term sustainability.
3. What is the main purpose of Power-Aware Resource Management?
A) To increase CPU temperature
B) To reduce power consumption through efficient resource utilization
C) To increase the number of servers
D) To disable energy-saving features
Answer: B) To reduce power consumption through efficient resource utilization
Reason: Power-Aware Resource Management dynamically allocates computing resources, uses CPU
frequency scaling, virtualization and sleep modes to reduce unnecessary energy consumption.
V.
U
4. What does the OECD Green IT Framework mainly focus on?
m
ap
A) Increasing software development cost
at
B) Promoting environmentally sustainable use of Information Technology
hy
C) Increasing electronic waste production
,Pr
D) Improving gaming performance
of
./
EC
N
ot
es
