ALTA FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Consonant. Answer: One of a class of speech sounds in which sound
moving through the vocal tract is constricted or obstructed by the lips,
tongue or teeth during articulation.
◉ Accent. Answer: Stress or emphasis on one syllable in a word or on
one or more words in a phrase or sentence. The accented part is spoken
louder, longer, and/or in a higher tone. The speaker's mouth opens wider
while saying an accented syllable.
◉ Syllable. Answer: a spoken or written unit that must have a vowel
sound and that may include consonants that precede or follow that
vowel. Syllables are units of sound made by one impulse of voice.
◉ Open Syllable. Answer: A syllable ending with a long vowel sound.
(labor, freedom)
◉ Closed Syllable. Answer: A syllable ending with one or more
consonants. The vowel is usually short.
◉ Base Word. Answer: A word to which affixes are added. A base word
can stand alone.
,◉ Derivative. Answer: A word made from a base word by the addition
of one or more affixes
◉ Affix. Answer: A letter or a group of letters attached to the beginning
or ending of a base word or root that creates a derivative with a meaning
or grammatical form that is different that the base word or root.
◉ Prefix. Answer: An affix attached to the beginning of a word that
changes the meaning of that word.
◉ Suffix. Answer: A morpheme attached to the end of a word that
creates a word with a different form or use. Suffixes include inflected
forms indicating tense, number, person and comparatives.
◉ Macron. Answer: The flat diacritical mark above a vowel in a send
picture or phonic/dictionary notation that indicates a long sound.
◉ Breve. Answer: The curved diacritical mark above a vowel in a sound
picture or phonic/dictionary symbol notation that indicates a short sound
in a closed syllable in which at least one consonant comes after the
vowel in the same syllable.
◉ Tilde. Answer: A diacritical marking. A wavy line placed over any
vowel before r in a combination to indicate the unaccented
, pronunciation eg letter. The tildes used both in coding words and in a
sound picture. When the pronunciation of any unaccented vowel-r
combination is respelled in the dictionary sound picture, the symbol (er)
is used
◉ Cedilla. Answer: The curved line placed beneath c to indicate its
"soft" or (s) pronunciation, as opposed to its hard or (k) pronunciation.
Students use the coding on c before the letters e, i, or y (the softeners), to
remind themselves to pronounced the (s) sound eg mice.
◉ Digraph. Answer: Two adjacent letters repressing a single consonant
sound
◉ Consonant Digraph. Answer: Two adjacent letters repressing a single
consonant sound
◉ Vowel Digraph. Answer: To adjacent letters representing a single
vowel sound
◉ Trigraph. Answer: Three adjacent letters which represent one speech
sound (tch)
◉ Quadrigraph. Answer: Four adjacent letters representing one sound
(eigh)
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Consonant. Answer: One of a class of speech sounds in which sound
moving through the vocal tract is constricted or obstructed by the lips,
tongue or teeth during articulation.
◉ Accent. Answer: Stress or emphasis on one syllable in a word or on
one or more words in a phrase or sentence. The accented part is spoken
louder, longer, and/or in a higher tone. The speaker's mouth opens wider
while saying an accented syllable.
◉ Syllable. Answer: a spoken or written unit that must have a vowel
sound and that may include consonants that precede or follow that
vowel. Syllables are units of sound made by one impulse of voice.
◉ Open Syllable. Answer: A syllable ending with a long vowel sound.
(labor, freedom)
◉ Closed Syllable. Answer: A syllable ending with one or more
consonants. The vowel is usually short.
◉ Base Word. Answer: A word to which affixes are added. A base word
can stand alone.
,◉ Derivative. Answer: A word made from a base word by the addition
of one or more affixes
◉ Affix. Answer: A letter or a group of letters attached to the beginning
or ending of a base word or root that creates a derivative with a meaning
or grammatical form that is different that the base word or root.
◉ Prefix. Answer: An affix attached to the beginning of a word that
changes the meaning of that word.
◉ Suffix. Answer: A morpheme attached to the end of a word that
creates a word with a different form or use. Suffixes include inflected
forms indicating tense, number, person and comparatives.
◉ Macron. Answer: The flat diacritical mark above a vowel in a send
picture or phonic/dictionary notation that indicates a long sound.
◉ Breve. Answer: The curved diacritical mark above a vowel in a sound
picture or phonic/dictionary symbol notation that indicates a short sound
in a closed syllable in which at least one consonant comes after the
vowel in the same syllable.
◉ Tilde. Answer: A diacritical marking. A wavy line placed over any
vowel before r in a combination to indicate the unaccented
, pronunciation eg letter. The tildes used both in coding words and in a
sound picture. When the pronunciation of any unaccented vowel-r
combination is respelled in the dictionary sound picture, the symbol (er)
is used
◉ Cedilla. Answer: The curved line placed beneath c to indicate its
"soft" or (s) pronunciation, as opposed to its hard or (k) pronunciation.
Students use the coding on c before the letters e, i, or y (the softeners), to
remind themselves to pronounced the (s) sound eg mice.
◉ Digraph. Answer: Two adjacent letters repressing a single consonant
sound
◉ Consonant Digraph. Answer: Two adjacent letters repressing a single
consonant sound
◉ Vowel Digraph. Answer: To adjacent letters representing a single
vowel sound
◉ Trigraph. Answer: Three adjacent letters which represent one speech
sound (tch)
◉ Quadrigraph. Answer: Four adjacent letters representing one sound
(eigh)
