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1 Midterm10/27/2026,
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Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$($2ZOIZHxh-2Page
601 Midterm10/27/2026, 3:41:20601
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1 of 1NR 601 Midterm.pdf10/27/2026, 3:41:39
1 of 1NR
AM601 Midte
NR 601 Midterm
Name 3 ways physiological changes from aging impact the body - answer-1: reduces
physiological reserve of most body systems, particularly, cardiac, respiratory, & renal.
2: Reduces homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust regulatory systems such as temp control
and fluid & electrolyte balance.
3: Impaired immunological function- greater risk f
preferred amount of exercise for older adult - answer-30 minutes per day for 5 days a week of
moderate exercise; if weight management is part of this, 60 minutes per day is advised. day
FEVI - answer-1st second Forced Expiratory volume
FVC - answer-FVC ( Forced Vital Capacty ) 80 % -120 %
FEVI/FVC Ratio - answer-The percent of maximum inspiration expired in the 1st second
PFT Gold criteria - answer-Post bronchodilator:FEV1 80% or higher of predicted- GOLD 1 : Mild
FEV1 50 % - < 80 % of predicted- GOLD 2 : Moderate
FEV1 30% - < 50 % of predicted is GOLD 3 : Severe
FEV1 < 30 % of predicted is GOLD 4: Very Severe
How do you know if restriction/obstruction is reversible - answer-If improvement of FEV1 is more
than 12% from pre-bronchodilator to post-bronchodilator then the restriction is reversible
COPD Signs and symptoms: - answer-Dyspnea, chronic cough with sputum production,
decreased activity tolerance, wheezing.
Risk factors for COPD- - answer-smoking (risk increases with the number of pack years
smoked) Second hand smoke as well. Environmental pollution-endotoxins, coal dust, and miner
dust. Nonmodifiable risk factors are gender.
Common physical exam for COPD - answer-as severity of the airway obstruction increases, the
pt will have decreased breath sounds, wheezes at lung bases, distant heart tones bc of
hyperinflation of lungs. the pt often needs to use accessory muscles, pursed-lip breathing, has
an increased expiratory phase, and neck vein distention.
- answer-Spirometry
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1 Midterm10/27/2026,
10/27/2026, 4:25:30
3:41:20
601
AMNR
AM~~~~~~())))))))))))))(@)(*@U*(NR
Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$($2ZOIZHxh-2Page
601 Midterm10/27/2026, 3:41:20601
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1 of 1NR 601 Midterm.pdf10/27/2026, 3:41:39
1 of 1NR
AM601 Midte
1 Midterm10/27/2026,
10/27/2026, 4:25:30
3:41:20
601
AMNR
AM~~~~~~())))))))))))))(@)(*@U*(NR
Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$($2ZOIZHxh-2Page
601 Midterm10/27/2026, 3:41:20601
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601 Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$(
1 of 1NR 601 Midterm.pdf10/27/2026, 3:41:39
1 of 1NR
AM601 Midte
NR 601 Midterm
Name 3 ways physiological changes from aging impact the body - answer-1: reduces
physiological reserve of most body systems, particularly, cardiac, respiratory, & renal.
2: Reduces homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust regulatory systems such as temp control
and fluid & electrolyte balance.
3: Impaired immunological function- greater risk f
preferred amount of exercise for older adult - answer-30 minutes per day for 5 days a week of
moderate exercise; if weight management is part of this, 60 minutes per day is advised. day
FEVI - answer-1st second Forced Expiratory volume
FVC - answer-FVC ( Forced Vital Capacty ) 80 % -120 %
FEVI/FVC Ratio - answer-The percent of maximum inspiration expired in the 1st second
PFT Gold criteria - answer-Post bronchodilator:FEV1 80% or higher of predicted- GOLD 1 : Mild
FEV1 50 % - < 80 % of predicted- GOLD 2 : Moderate
FEV1 30% - < 50 % of predicted is GOLD 3 : Severe
FEV1 < 30 % of predicted is GOLD 4: Very Severe
How do you know if restriction/obstruction is reversible - answer-If improvement of FEV1 is more
than 12% from pre-bronchodilator to post-bronchodilator then the restriction is reversible
COPD Signs and symptoms: - answer-Dyspnea, chronic cough with sputum production,
decreased activity tolerance, wheezing.
Risk factors for COPD- - answer-smoking (risk increases with the number of pack years
smoked) Second hand smoke as well. Environmental pollution-endotoxins, coal dust, and miner
dust. Nonmodifiable risk factors are gender.
Common physical exam for COPD - answer-as severity of the airway obstruction increases, the
pt will have decreased breath sounds, wheezes at lung bases, distant heart tones bc of
hyperinflation of lungs. the pt often needs to use accessory muscles, pursed-lip breathing, has
an increased expiratory phase, and neck vein distention.
- answer-Spirometry
~~())))))))))))))(@)(*@U*(NR
1 Midterm10/27/2026,
10/27/2026, 4:25:30
3:41:20
601
AMNR
AM~~~~~~())))))))))))))(@)(*@U*(NR
Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$($2ZOIZHxh-2Page
601 Midterm10/27/2026, 3:41:20601
AM~~~~~~())))))))))))))(@)(*@U*(NR
Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$($2ZOIZHxh-2Page
601 Midterm@#&&*#&()&(*&)*$*)($*)*@($*(*@)$(*@$(&(*$$(&*$(
1 of 1NR 601 Midterm.pdf10/27/2026, 3:41:39
1 of 1NR
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