Chamberlain NR 293 Quiz 1 Review |
Pharmacology Concepts| Newest Actual Exam
With Complete Questions And Correct Answers
With Detailed Rationales | Already Graded A+|
|Brand New Version!!
1. What does the acronym ADME stand for in
pharmacokinetics?
A. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
B. Administration, dosage, monitoring, evaluation
C. Action, delivery, metabolism, elimination
D. Absorption, dosing, mechanism, effect
Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes what the body
does to a drug: how it is absorbed, distributed to tissues,
metabolized (mostly in the liver), and excreted (mostly by
the kidneys). Pharmacodynamics describes what the drug
does to the body.
2. What is the first-pass effect?
A. The drug’s first dose is always the strongest
B. Metabolism of an oral drug by the liver before it
reaches the systemic circulation, which reduces the
amount of active drug
,C. The time it takes a drug to start working
D. Excretion of a drug in urine
Answer: B
Rationale: Drugs absorbed from the gut travel through
the portal vein to the liver, where some is metabolized
before reaching the bloodstream. Routes such as
sublingual, IV, and transdermal bypass this effect, which
is why some drugs need different doses by different
routes.
3. What is a drug’s half-life?
A. The time for half the dose to be absorbed
B. The time a drug takes to work
C. The time for the plasma concentration of a drug to
decrease by 50%
D. Half the duration of the drug’s effect
Answer: C
Rationale: Half-life determines dosing frequency. A drug
generally reaches steady state after about four to five half-
lives of regular dosing.
4. Which statement best describes a drug with a
narrow therapeutic index?
A. The dose that is effective is very close to the dose that
is toxic, so blood levels are often monitored
B. The drug is safe at almost any dose
, C. The drug works only at very low doses
D. The drug has no adverse effects
Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs such as digoxin, warfarin, lithium, and
phenytoin have small margins between therapeutic and
toxic levels. They require careful dosing and monitoring
of serum levels or lab values.
5. When is a trough level typically drawn?
A. Immediately after the dose is given
B. 30 minutes after the dose
C. At the time of the expected peak
D. Just before the next scheduled dose
Answer: D
Rationale: The trough is the lowest concentration, right
before the next dose. The peak is drawn when the
concentration is expected to be highest, which depends on
the drug and route.
6. What is the difference between an agonist and an
antagonist?
A. An agonist blocks a receptor, while an antagonist
activates it
B. An agonist binds to a receptor and produces an effect,
while an antagonist binds to a receptor and blocks the
effect
Pharmacology Concepts| Newest Actual Exam
With Complete Questions And Correct Answers
With Detailed Rationales | Already Graded A+|
|Brand New Version!!
1. What does the acronym ADME stand for in
pharmacokinetics?
A. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
B. Administration, dosage, monitoring, evaluation
C. Action, delivery, metabolism, elimination
D. Absorption, dosing, mechanism, effect
Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes what the body
does to a drug: how it is absorbed, distributed to tissues,
metabolized (mostly in the liver), and excreted (mostly by
the kidneys). Pharmacodynamics describes what the drug
does to the body.
2. What is the first-pass effect?
A. The drug’s first dose is always the strongest
B. Metabolism of an oral drug by the liver before it
reaches the systemic circulation, which reduces the
amount of active drug
,C. The time it takes a drug to start working
D. Excretion of a drug in urine
Answer: B
Rationale: Drugs absorbed from the gut travel through
the portal vein to the liver, where some is metabolized
before reaching the bloodstream. Routes such as
sublingual, IV, and transdermal bypass this effect, which
is why some drugs need different doses by different
routes.
3. What is a drug’s half-life?
A. The time for half the dose to be absorbed
B. The time a drug takes to work
C. The time for the plasma concentration of a drug to
decrease by 50%
D. Half the duration of the drug’s effect
Answer: C
Rationale: Half-life determines dosing frequency. A drug
generally reaches steady state after about four to five half-
lives of regular dosing.
4. Which statement best describes a drug with a
narrow therapeutic index?
A. The dose that is effective is very close to the dose that
is toxic, so blood levels are often monitored
B. The drug is safe at almost any dose
, C. The drug works only at very low doses
D. The drug has no adverse effects
Answer: A
Rationale: Drugs such as digoxin, warfarin, lithium, and
phenytoin have small margins between therapeutic and
toxic levels. They require careful dosing and monitoring
of serum levels or lab values.
5. When is a trough level typically drawn?
A. Immediately after the dose is given
B. 30 minutes after the dose
C. At the time of the expected peak
D. Just before the next scheduled dose
Answer: D
Rationale: The trough is the lowest concentration, right
before the next dose. The peak is drawn when the
concentration is expected to be highest, which depends on
the drug and route.
6. What is the difference between an agonist and an
antagonist?
A. An agonist blocks a receptor, while an antagonist
activates it
B. An agonist binds to a receptor and produces an effect,
while an antagonist binds to a receptor and blocks the
effect
