PCB4843 Week 6 - Questions with Correct Answers
(Verified Update)
102 questions with answers
Topic: PCB4843 Week 6
1. how are sound waves created
Answer: by air pressure changes
2. Ruben's tube
Answer: perforated tube with propane, and a speaker at one end sound pressure
fluctuations change the release of propane through perforationsvisual evidence of sound
traveling
3. cycles of sound waves
Answer: distance between compressed air patches
4. frequency affects , while amplitude affects
Answer: pitch, volume
5. audiogram
Answer: a graphic representation of the relation of vibration frequency and the minimum
sound intensity for hearing
6. thresholds of frequency
Answer: lowest intensity of a given frequency that can be detected
7. two ways that audiograms are used to compare to standards
Answer: by comparing thresholds to a standard reference by comparing hearing in both ears
8. natural sounds are the sum of
Answer: many single frequencies that are modulated in amplitude
9. modulations generate our perception of
Answer: timbre, or tonal quality
10. pitch is a characteristic of sound, while frequency is a characteristic of sound
Answer: perceptual, physical
11. how does the structure shape of the inner ear boost sound transmission (3)
Answer: of auditory canal focuses energy onto tympanic membrane sound waves contacting
the tympanic membrane cause ossicle movement the external ear structure amplifies sounds
at frequencies important in speech
12. how does the relationship between the tympanic membrane and ossicles boost
intensity of sound waves (2)
Answer: moving from a large surface membrane to a small surface area ossicles act like a
lever to increase pressure on oval window
13. transmission of sound energy to oval window is modulated by
Answer: muscles that modulate the rigidity of ossicles
Page 1
, 14. attenuation reflex
Answer: muscles contract during loud noises and prevent damaging vibrations adapts ear to
loud sounds, protects inner ear, helps us understand speech
15. perilymph
Answer: fluid in scala vestibuli and scala tympani contains high sodium and low potassium
concentrations
16. endolymph
Answer: fluid in scala media contains low sodium and high potassium concentrations
17. how are concentration gradients in the endolymph and perilymph generated
Answer: active transporters in the lining of the scala media
18. endocochlear potential the
Answer: voltage ditterence between the endolymph and the perilymph, about 80 mV
endolymph is more positive
19. ossicles putting pressure on the oval window causes
Answer: perilymph to be pushed into the scala vestibuli
20. fluid in the cochlea is
Answer: incompressible, so inward pressure causes outward pressure
21. the perilymph pressure the wave travels to
Answer: apex and returns to the round window in the scala tympanithe round window
bulges as a result
22. Reissner's membrane is
Answer: flexible
23. pressure on the perilymph (scala vestibuli) puts pressure on the
Answer: endolymph (scala media), which puts pressure on the basilar membrane
24. basilar membrane changes in and with distance from the oval window
Answer: width and stittness base = thin, rigid apex = wide, floppy
25. differential stiffness of the basilar membrane generates a
Answer: place codethe process by which ditterent frequencies stimulate neural signals at
specific places along the basilar membrane
26. positions of high and low frequencies along the basilar membrane
Answer: high frequencies are dissipated by the rigid basehigher frequencies cause
vibrations near the base lower frequencies travel further along the membrane towards the
apex
27. tonotopy
Answer: the systematic organization within an auditory structure on the basis of frequency
sound is deconstructed into ditterent frequencies based on where they maximally stimulate
28. basilar membrane deconstructs complex sounds into
Answer: individual frequency components
Page 2
(Verified Update)
102 questions with answers
Topic: PCB4843 Week 6
1. how are sound waves created
Answer: by air pressure changes
2. Ruben's tube
Answer: perforated tube with propane, and a speaker at one end sound pressure
fluctuations change the release of propane through perforationsvisual evidence of sound
traveling
3. cycles of sound waves
Answer: distance between compressed air patches
4. frequency affects , while amplitude affects
Answer: pitch, volume
5. audiogram
Answer: a graphic representation of the relation of vibration frequency and the minimum
sound intensity for hearing
6. thresholds of frequency
Answer: lowest intensity of a given frequency that can be detected
7. two ways that audiograms are used to compare to standards
Answer: by comparing thresholds to a standard reference by comparing hearing in both ears
8. natural sounds are the sum of
Answer: many single frequencies that are modulated in amplitude
9. modulations generate our perception of
Answer: timbre, or tonal quality
10. pitch is a characteristic of sound, while frequency is a characteristic of sound
Answer: perceptual, physical
11. how does the structure shape of the inner ear boost sound transmission (3)
Answer: of auditory canal focuses energy onto tympanic membrane sound waves contacting
the tympanic membrane cause ossicle movement the external ear structure amplifies sounds
at frequencies important in speech
12. how does the relationship between the tympanic membrane and ossicles boost
intensity of sound waves (2)
Answer: moving from a large surface membrane to a small surface area ossicles act like a
lever to increase pressure on oval window
13. transmission of sound energy to oval window is modulated by
Answer: muscles that modulate the rigidity of ossicles
Page 1
, 14. attenuation reflex
Answer: muscles contract during loud noises and prevent damaging vibrations adapts ear to
loud sounds, protects inner ear, helps us understand speech
15. perilymph
Answer: fluid in scala vestibuli and scala tympani contains high sodium and low potassium
concentrations
16. endolymph
Answer: fluid in scala media contains low sodium and high potassium concentrations
17. how are concentration gradients in the endolymph and perilymph generated
Answer: active transporters in the lining of the scala media
18. endocochlear potential the
Answer: voltage ditterence between the endolymph and the perilymph, about 80 mV
endolymph is more positive
19. ossicles putting pressure on the oval window causes
Answer: perilymph to be pushed into the scala vestibuli
20. fluid in the cochlea is
Answer: incompressible, so inward pressure causes outward pressure
21. the perilymph pressure the wave travels to
Answer: apex and returns to the round window in the scala tympanithe round window
bulges as a result
22. Reissner's membrane is
Answer: flexible
23. pressure on the perilymph (scala vestibuli) puts pressure on the
Answer: endolymph (scala media), which puts pressure on the basilar membrane
24. basilar membrane changes in and with distance from the oval window
Answer: width and stittness base = thin, rigid apex = wide, floppy
25. differential stiffness of the basilar membrane generates a
Answer: place codethe process by which ditterent frequencies stimulate neural signals at
specific places along the basilar membrane
26. positions of high and low frequencies along the basilar membrane
Answer: high frequencies are dissipated by the rigid basehigher frequencies cause
vibrations near the base lower frequencies travel further along the membrane towards the
apex
27. tonotopy
Answer: the systematic organization within an auditory structure on the basis of frequency
sound is deconstructed into ditterent frequencies based on where they maximally stimulate
28. basilar membrane deconstructs complex sounds into
Answer: individual frequency components
Page 2
