,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
h/
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. nitrogen fixation h/ c. synthesis of vitamins h/ h/
b. production of fermented foods h/ d. causative agents of disease
h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / C: Reme
h/
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. fungi.
h / c. virus.
b. E. coli.
h / h/ d. algae.
ANS: C h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. h/
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
h /
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
h/ h/
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
h/ h / h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. the absence of proteins
h/ h/ h/
b. the presence of DNA
h/ h/ h/
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
h/ h/ h/ h/
d. the presence of a cell wall
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Remembering
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. physical characteristics h/ c. DNA sequence comparison h/ h/
b. method of reproduction h/ h/ d. environmental habitat h / h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli h/
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: h / 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / e thrh/
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi h /
ANS: A h / DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / e thrh/
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
h/ h/ h/
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba h/ h/
b. Herpes virus h/ d. bread mold h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
h / h/ c. Robert Hooke
h/ h/
b. Catherine of Siena
h / h/d. Louis Pasteur
h/ h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 h/
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 h/
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. vinegar eels h/ c. mold filaments h/
b. dust mites h/ d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: h / 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
h/
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. nitrogen fixation h/ c. synthesis of vitamins h/ h/
b. production of fermented foods h/ d. causative agents of disease
h/ h/ h / h/ h/ h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / C: Reme
h/
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. fungi.
h / c. virus.
b. E. coli.
h / h/ d. algae.
ANS: C h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. h/
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
h /
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
h/ h/
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
h/ h / h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. the absence of proteins
h/ h/ h/
b. the presence of DNA
h/ h/ h/
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
h/ h/ h/ h/
d. the presence of a cell wall
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Remembering
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. physical characteristics h/ c. DNA sequence comparison h/ h/
b. method of reproduction h/ h/ d. environmental habitat h / h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/ MSC: Applying
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli h/
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: h / 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / e thrh/
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi h /
ANS: A h / DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
e domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ h/MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / e thrh/
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
h/ h/ MSC: Understanding
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/ h/
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
h/ h/ h/
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba h/ h/
b. Herpes virus h/ d. bread mold h / h/
ANS: B h/ DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 h/
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
h / h/ c. Robert Hooke
h/ h/
b. Catherine of Siena
h / h/d. Louis Pasteur
h/ h/
ANS: C h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 h/
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h /
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 h/
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h / h/
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/ h/
a. vinegar eels h/ c. mold filaments h/
b. dust mites h/ d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis h/
ANS: D h/ DIF: Moderate REF: h / 1.2
