NSG 122 Final Exam V3 | NSG 122 Nursing
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026 Q&A with
Rationale (Herzing NSG122 Final Exam 2026)
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. Which of
the following sites is the safest and most preferred for this procedure to avoid major nerves
and blood vessels?
A. Dorsogluteal site
B. Deltoid muscle
C. Vastus lateralis site
D. Ventrogluteal site
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred location for intramuscular injections
in adults because it is located away from major nerves and blood vessels. It is also a large,
well-developed muscle that can tolerate larger volumes of medication. The dorsogluteal
site is no longer recommended due to the high risk of hitting the sciatic nerve.
2. When performing hand hygiene, under which condition must the nurse use soap and water
instead of an alcohol-based hand rub?
A. After contact with a patient’s intact skin
B. After caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile
,C. Before putting on sterile gloves
D. After removing gloves following routine care
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Soap and water are required when hands are visibly soiled or when caring
for patients with spore-forming organisms like Clostridioides difficile. Alcohol-based rubs
are ineffective against C. diff spores because the friction and rinsing action of water are
necessary to physically remove them. In most other routine clinical situations, alcohol-
based rubs are preferred for their speed and efficacy.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for skin breakdown. According to the Braden
Scale, which score would indicate the highest risk for developing a pressure injury?
A. 22
B. 9
C. 14
D. 18
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Braden Scale uses a scoring system where lower numbers indicate a
higher risk for pressure injuries. A score of 9 or less represents a very high risk, while a
score of 23 represents the lowest possible risk. Nurses use this tool to implement
preventative measures such as frequent turning and nutritional support.
, 4. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse prioritizing diagnoses and setting
SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Planning is the third step of the nursing process where the nurse develops a
plan of care with specific outcomes. During this phase, the nurse and patient collaborate to
identify interventions and set measurable goals to resolve the identified problems. This
step precedes the implementation of nursing actions.
5. A client presents with a blood pressure of 150/94 mmHg. How should the nurse classify this
blood pressure reading according to standard guidelines?
A. Normal
B. Elevated
C. Stage 2 Hypertension
D. Stage 1 Hypertension
Correct Answer: C
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026 Q&A with
Rationale (Herzing NSG122 Final Exam 2026)
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. Which of
the following sites is the safest and most preferred for this procedure to avoid major nerves
and blood vessels?
A. Dorsogluteal site
B. Deltoid muscle
C. Vastus lateralis site
D. Ventrogluteal site
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The ventrogluteal site is the preferred location for intramuscular injections
in adults because it is located away from major nerves and blood vessels. It is also a large,
well-developed muscle that can tolerate larger volumes of medication. The dorsogluteal
site is no longer recommended due to the high risk of hitting the sciatic nerve.
2. When performing hand hygiene, under which condition must the nurse use soap and water
instead of an alcohol-based hand rub?
A. After contact with a patient’s intact skin
B. After caring for a patient with Clostridioides difficile
,C. Before putting on sterile gloves
D. After removing gloves following routine care
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Soap and water are required when hands are visibly soiled or when caring
for patients with spore-forming organisms like Clostridioides difficile. Alcohol-based rubs
are ineffective against C. diff spores because the friction and rinsing action of water are
necessary to physically remove them. In most other routine clinical situations, alcohol-
based rubs are preferred for their speed and efficacy.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for skin breakdown. According to the Braden
Scale, which score would indicate the highest risk for developing a pressure injury?
A. 22
B. 9
C. 14
D. 18
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Braden Scale uses a scoring system where lower numbers indicate a
higher risk for pressure injuries. A score of 9 or less represents a very high risk, while a
score of 23 represents the lowest possible risk. Nurses use this tool to implement
preventative measures such as frequent turning and nutritional support.
, 4. Which phase of the nursing process involves the nurse prioritizing diagnoses and setting
SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) goals?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Planning is the third step of the nursing process where the nurse develops a
plan of care with specific outcomes. During this phase, the nurse and patient collaborate to
identify interventions and set measurable goals to resolve the identified problems. This
step precedes the implementation of nursing actions.
5. A client presents with a blood pressure of 150/94 mmHg. How should the nurse classify this
blood pressure reading according to standard guidelines?
A. Normal
B. Elevated
C. Stage 2 Hypertension
D. Stage 1 Hypertension
Correct Answer: C
