Microbiology Exam 1
Question 1.
Identify 3 components of both gram positive and negative bacteria.
ANSWER
-Cell wall -Capsule -Plasma cell membrane
Question 2.
Compare/contrast gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria
ANSWER
Gram (+)
1. thick peptidoglycan
2. small periplasmic space
3. Teichoic acid Gram (-)
1. THIN peptidoglycan
2. LPS
3. Porins
4. Large periplasmic space
Question 3.
Plasmids carry genes for?
ANSWER
1. Antibiotic resistance
2. Resistance to heavy metals (Hg, Ag)
3. Resistance to UV light
4. Pili
5. Exotoxins
Question 4.
Bacterial shapes: cocci
ANSWER
- diplococci (pair)
- streptococci
- tetrad (4)
- staphylococci
- Sarcina (cube of 8)
Question 5.
Bacterial shapes: Rods (Bacilli)
ANSWER
-chain of bacilli -flagellate rods -spore former
, Question 6.
Bacterial shapes: Spirals
ANSWER
-Vibrios -Spirilla -Spirochaetes
Question 7.
The shape of a bacterium is determined by its _____.
ANSWER
rigid cell wall
Question 8.
Smallest and largest bacteria
ANSWER
Smallest: Mycoplasma Largest: Bacillus anthracis
Question 9.
Bacteria is a prokaryote with the following characteristics: ______
ANSWER
-no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles -chromosomes and plasmids freely float in cytoplasm
Question 10.
Function of cells wall
ANSWER
• Provides structural support
• Made of peptidoglycan (polysaccharide)
Question 11.
Function of capsule
ANSWER
Sticky outer layer for protection and attachment
Question 12.
Function of plasma cell membrane
ANSWER
• Directs what enters and exits
• Phospholipid bilayer
, Question 13.
Differences in cell walls gram (-) and (+)
ANSWER
Question 14.
Gram positive bacteria structure
ANSWER
• Inner plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
• Thick 'peptidoglycan' cell wall
• Outer Capsule
Question 15.
Gram negative bacteria structure
ANSWER
• Inner plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
• Thin 'peptidoglycan' cell wall
• Another outer plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer - 'lipopolysaccharides')
• Outer Capsule
Question 16.
Bacteria unlike eukaryotes have no ____ in plasma membrane.
ANSWER
sterols
Question 17.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is only associated with ______.
ANSWER
Gram negative bacteria
Question 18.
POLLEV- True or false: Gram (-) Bacteria has a thicker peptidoglycan cell wall than the Gram (+) Bacteria
ANSWER
False
Question 19.
Essential components of bacteria
ANSWER
-cell wall (peptidoglycan, outer membrane of gram (-) bacteria, surface fibers -mesosome -nucleoid -periplasm -plasma membrane -ribosome
Question 1.
Identify 3 components of both gram positive and negative bacteria.
ANSWER
-Cell wall -Capsule -Plasma cell membrane
Question 2.
Compare/contrast gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria
ANSWER
Gram (+)
1. thick peptidoglycan
2. small periplasmic space
3. Teichoic acid Gram (-)
1. THIN peptidoglycan
2. LPS
3. Porins
4. Large periplasmic space
Question 3.
Plasmids carry genes for?
ANSWER
1. Antibiotic resistance
2. Resistance to heavy metals (Hg, Ag)
3. Resistance to UV light
4. Pili
5. Exotoxins
Question 4.
Bacterial shapes: cocci
ANSWER
- diplococci (pair)
- streptococci
- tetrad (4)
- staphylococci
- Sarcina (cube of 8)
Question 5.
Bacterial shapes: Rods (Bacilli)
ANSWER
-chain of bacilli -flagellate rods -spore former
, Question 6.
Bacterial shapes: Spirals
ANSWER
-Vibrios -Spirilla -Spirochaetes
Question 7.
The shape of a bacterium is determined by its _____.
ANSWER
rigid cell wall
Question 8.
Smallest and largest bacteria
ANSWER
Smallest: Mycoplasma Largest: Bacillus anthracis
Question 9.
Bacteria is a prokaryote with the following characteristics: ______
ANSWER
-no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles -chromosomes and plasmids freely float in cytoplasm
Question 10.
Function of cells wall
ANSWER
• Provides structural support
• Made of peptidoglycan (polysaccharide)
Question 11.
Function of capsule
ANSWER
Sticky outer layer for protection and attachment
Question 12.
Function of plasma cell membrane
ANSWER
• Directs what enters and exits
• Phospholipid bilayer
, Question 13.
Differences in cell walls gram (-) and (+)
ANSWER
Question 14.
Gram positive bacteria structure
ANSWER
• Inner plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
• Thick 'peptidoglycan' cell wall
• Outer Capsule
Question 15.
Gram negative bacteria structure
ANSWER
• Inner plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
• Thin 'peptidoglycan' cell wall
• Another outer plasma cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer - 'lipopolysaccharides')
• Outer Capsule
Question 16.
Bacteria unlike eukaryotes have no ____ in plasma membrane.
ANSWER
sterols
Question 17.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is only associated with ______.
ANSWER
Gram negative bacteria
Question 18.
POLLEV- True or false: Gram (-) Bacteria has a thicker peptidoglycan cell wall than the Gram (+) Bacteria
ANSWER
False
Question 19.
Essential components of bacteria
ANSWER
-cell wall (peptidoglycan, outer membrane of gram (-) bacteria, surface fibers -mesosome -nucleoid -periplasm -plasma membrane -ribosome
