USC LING 115 Unit 1 - 4 Study Guide
Questions With Correct Answers
varieties of speech - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-neutral term for all the
| | | | | | | | | |
ways of speaking | |
The Invariant System Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Suggests that
| | | | | | | |
a language must consist in:
| | | | |
(a) a set of words (a vocabulary)
| | | | | | |
(b) a set of rules of grammar and pronunciation
| | | | | | | |
And these words and rules of grammar and pronunciation must be used
| | | | | | | | | | | |
in the same way by a population of speakers.
| | | | | | | |
However, there is a problem with this hypothesis: no two individuals
| | | | | | | | | | |
make use of an identical set of rules and vocabulary when they speak.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
American Linguistic Atlas Project - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mid 20th
| | | | | | | |
century, found out that no two speakers answered in exactly same way
| | | | | | | | | | |
idiolect - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the unique, personalized way that each
| | | | | | | |
|individual uses language | |
,The Mutual Intelligibility Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(a) if two
| | | | | | | | |
speakers can understand each other when they speak, we can say these
| | | | | | | | | | | |
are two varieties of the same language
| | | | | |
(b) if two speakers CANNOT understand each other when they speak,
| | | | | | | | | | |
then we can say these are varieties of different languages
| | | | | | | | |
Cannot account for real-world language - dialect divisions
| | | | | | |
Hindi & Urdu: socio-political factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-For a long
| | | | | | | | | |
time, the term "Hindi" and "Urdu" were both used for the same way of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
speaking in north India | | |
"Hindi" used by Hindu parties, "Urdu" used by main Muslim party
| | | | | | | | | |
Pakistan declares Urdu its national language as a symbol of its Islamic
| | | | | | | | | | | |
identity |
Hindi & Urdu are now both recognized as separate official languages of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
India
When spoken colloquially, the two languages are very close
| | | | | | | |
,Hindi gets its "high end" vocab from Sanskrit words
| | | | | | | | |
Urdu gets its "high end" vocab from Arabic & Persian
| | | | | | | | | |
Hindi is written in the Devanagari script
| | | | | | |
Urdu is written in Arabic
| | | |
Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, & Montenegrin: socio-political factors -
| | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1946 unification of Balkan states as the Federal
| | | | | | | | |
Republic of Yugoslavia | |
General Tito declares that Serbs, Croats, inhabitants of Bosnia and
| | | | | | | | | |
Montenegro all speak a single language: "Serbo-Croatian'
| | | | | |
1991 disintegration of Yugoslavia into separate states
| | | | | |
Each state declares that its population speaks its own language
| | | | | | | | |
Four languages are declared in place of one language (nothing changed
| | | | | | | | | | |
linguistically)
Chinese: socio-political factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Many mutually
| | | | | | |
unintelligible (regional) varieties of speech, classed as dialects of a
| | | | | | | | | |
single language - "Chinese"
| | |
, Han Chinese people feel united by a long, shared cultural history,
| | | | | | | | | | |
literature, and the same single writing system
| | | | | |
There was political pressure from leadership not to class different
| | | | | | | | | |
varieties of "Chinese" as separate languages (attempt to keep Chinese
| | | | | | | | | |
united)
Trying to keep 1 identity (no independence)
| | | | | |
Ryuukyuan: socio-politcal factor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Ryuukuan is
| | | | | | |
mutually unintelligible with Japanese
| | |
The Japanese leadership emphasized that Japan is a mono-ethnic,
| | | | | | | | |
mono-cultural, mono-lingual nation | |
For this, Ryuukuan was declared to be a dialect of Japanese
| | | | | | | | | |
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-When a particular group
| | | | | | | |
becomes more economically/militarily powerful over time, their variety
| | | | | | | |
is considered to have a higher statues than other varieties - regarded as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
a language, people shift over
| | | |
Questions With Correct Answers
varieties of speech - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-neutral term for all the
| | | | | | | | | |
ways of speaking | |
The Invariant System Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Suggests that
| | | | | | | |
a language must consist in:
| | | | |
(a) a set of words (a vocabulary)
| | | | | | |
(b) a set of rules of grammar and pronunciation
| | | | | | | |
And these words and rules of grammar and pronunciation must be used
| | | | | | | | | | | |
in the same way by a population of speakers.
| | | | | | | |
However, there is a problem with this hypothesis: no two individuals
| | | | | | | | | | |
make use of an identical set of rules and vocabulary when they speak.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
American Linguistic Atlas Project - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-mid 20th
| | | | | | | |
century, found out that no two speakers answered in exactly same way
| | | | | | | | | | |
idiolect - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the unique, personalized way that each
| | | | | | | |
|individual uses language | |
,The Mutual Intelligibility Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-(a) if two
| | | | | | | | |
speakers can understand each other when they speak, we can say these
| | | | | | | | | | | |
are two varieties of the same language
| | | | | |
(b) if two speakers CANNOT understand each other when they speak,
| | | | | | | | | | |
then we can say these are varieties of different languages
| | | | | | | | |
Cannot account for real-world language - dialect divisions
| | | | | | |
Hindi & Urdu: socio-political factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-For a long
| | | | | | | | | |
time, the term "Hindi" and "Urdu" were both used for the same way of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
speaking in north India | | |
"Hindi" used by Hindu parties, "Urdu" used by main Muslim party
| | | | | | | | | |
Pakistan declares Urdu its national language as a symbol of its Islamic
| | | | | | | | | | | |
identity |
Hindi & Urdu are now both recognized as separate official languages of
| | | | | | | | | | | |
India
When spoken colloquially, the two languages are very close
| | | | | | | |
,Hindi gets its "high end" vocab from Sanskrit words
| | | | | | | | |
Urdu gets its "high end" vocab from Arabic & Persian
| | | | | | | | | |
Hindi is written in the Devanagari script
| | | | | | |
Urdu is written in Arabic
| | | |
Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, & Montenegrin: socio-political factors -
| | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1946 unification of Balkan states as the Federal
| | | | | | | | |
Republic of Yugoslavia | |
General Tito declares that Serbs, Croats, inhabitants of Bosnia and
| | | | | | | | | |
Montenegro all speak a single language: "Serbo-Croatian'
| | | | | |
1991 disintegration of Yugoslavia into separate states
| | | | | |
Each state declares that its population speaks its own language
| | | | | | | | |
Four languages are declared in place of one language (nothing changed
| | | | | | | | | | |
linguistically)
Chinese: socio-political factors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Many mutually
| | | | | | |
unintelligible (regional) varieties of speech, classed as dialects of a
| | | | | | | | | |
single language - "Chinese"
| | |
, Han Chinese people feel united by a long, shared cultural history,
| | | | | | | | | | |
literature, and the same single writing system
| | | | | |
There was political pressure from leadership not to class different
| | | | | | | | | |
varieties of "Chinese" as separate languages (attempt to keep Chinese
| | | | | | | | | |
united)
Trying to keep 1 identity (no independence)
| | | | | |
Ryuukyuan: socio-politcal factor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Ryuukuan is
| | | | | | |
mutually unintelligible with Japanese
| | |
The Japanese leadership emphasized that Japan is a mono-ethnic,
| | | | | | | | |
mono-cultural, mono-lingual nation | |
For this, Ryuukuan was declared to be a dialect of Japanese
| | | | | | | | | |
Natural Selection - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-When a particular group
| | | | | | | |
becomes more economically/militarily powerful over time, their variety
| | | | | | | |
is considered to have a higher statues than other varieties - regarded as
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
a language, people shift over
| | | |
