EXAM 1: PEDIATRICS PRACTICE
FREQUENTLY TESTED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
What nursing intervention would be most appropriate for a 10-year-old child with type I diabetes in
order to meet their needs (as described by Erikson).
a. Explain carefully to the mother the need to rigidly adhere to dietary modifications.
b. Allow the child to eat whatever he or she wants and administer insulin to maintain optimum glucose
levels.
c. Allow the child to perform his or her own Accuchecks and administration of insulin.
d. Perform Accuchecks four times a day and at bedtime.
ANSWER
c. Allow the child to perform his or her own Accuchecks and administration of insulin.
Question 2.
The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl who is hospitalized and has been placed in traction using
Crutchfield tongs. The child is having difficulty adjusting to the prolonged hospital confinement.
Which nursing action would be most appropriate to meet the child's needs?
A. Let the child wear her own clothing when friends visit.
B. Allow the girl to have her hair dyed if the parent agrees.
C. Allow the child to play loud music in the hospital room.
D. Allow the child to keep the shades closed and the room darkened at all times.
ANSWER
A. Let the child wear her own clothing when friends visit.
Rationale:
Adolescents need to identify with their peers and have a strong need to belong to a group.
They prefer to dress like the group and wear similar hairstyles, which are different from their
parents'. The child should be allowed to wear her own clothes to feel a sense of belonging to
the group. Because Crutchfield tongs require the use of skeletal pins, hair dye is not
appropriate. Loud music may disturb others in the hospital. The child's request for a darkened
room may indicate a problem with depression that may need further evaluation and
intervention.
,Question 3.
The nurse is monitoring a 3-month-old infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure. On
palpation of the fontanels, the nurse notes that the anterior fontanel is soft and flat. On the basis of
this finding, which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Increase oral fluids.
B. Document the finding.
C. Notify the health care provider (HCP).
D. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.
ANSWER
B. Document the finding.
Rationale:
The anterior fontanel is diamond-shaped and located on the top of the head. The fontanel
should be soft and flat in a normal infant, and it normally closes by 12 to 18 months of age.
The nurse would document the finding because it is normal. There is no useful reason to
increase oral fluids, notify the HCP, or elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.
Question 4.
Which interventions are appropriate for the care of an infant? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A. Provide swaddling.
B. Talk in a loud voice.
C. Provide the infant with a bottle of juice at nap time.
D. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs.
E. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes.
F. Allow the infant to cry for at least 10 minutes before responding.
ANSWER
A. Provide swaddling.
D. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs.
E. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes.
, Question 5.
The nurse at a well-baby clinic is providing nutrition instructions to the mother of a 1-month-old infant.
What instruction should the nurse give to the mother?
A. To introduce strained fruits one at a time
B. That breast milk or formula is the main food
C. To introduce strained vegetables one at a time
D. To offer rice cereal mixed with breast milk or formula
ANSWER
B. That breast milk or formula is the main food
Rationale:
Breast milk or formula is the main food throughout infancy. Rice cereal mixed with breast milk
or formula is introduced at 4 months of age. Strained vegetables, fruits, and meats are
introduced one at a time and can begin at 6 months of age.
Question 6.
A nurse is conducting an admission interview with the mother of a 2 year old child. What history
question is most important at this time?
a. How many children are in the family?
b. What is your child's normal routine?
c. Does your child attend daycare?
d. What toys are most important to your child?
ANSWER
b. What is your child's normal routine?
Question 7.
The parents of a 2-year-old arrive at a hospital to visit their child. The child is in the playroom when
the parents arrive. When the parents enter the playroom, the child does not readily approach the
parents. Which is the correct interpretation of the behavior?
A. The child is withdrawn.
B. The child is self-centered.
C. The child exhibits detachment.
D. The child has adjusted to the hospital setting.
ANSWER
C. The child exhibits detachment.
Rationale:
The phases through which young children progress when separated from their parents
include protest, despair, and denial or detachment. In detachment, when the parents return,
FREQUENTLY TESTED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Question 1.
What nursing intervention would be most appropriate for a 10-year-old child with type I diabetes in
order to meet their needs (as described by Erikson).
a. Explain carefully to the mother the need to rigidly adhere to dietary modifications.
b. Allow the child to eat whatever he or she wants and administer insulin to maintain optimum glucose
levels.
c. Allow the child to perform his or her own Accuchecks and administration of insulin.
d. Perform Accuchecks four times a day and at bedtime.
ANSWER
c. Allow the child to perform his or her own Accuchecks and administration of insulin.
Question 2.
The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl who is hospitalized and has been placed in traction using
Crutchfield tongs. The child is having difficulty adjusting to the prolonged hospital confinement.
Which nursing action would be most appropriate to meet the child's needs?
A. Let the child wear her own clothing when friends visit.
B. Allow the girl to have her hair dyed if the parent agrees.
C. Allow the child to play loud music in the hospital room.
D. Allow the child to keep the shades closed and the room darkened at all times.
ANSWER
A. Let the child wear her own clothing when friends visit.
Rationale:
Adolescents need to identify with their peers and have a strong need to belong to a group.
They prefer to dress like the group and wear similar hairstyles, which are different from their
parents'. The child should be allowed to wear her own clothes to feel a sense of belonging to
the group. Because Crutchfield tongs require the use of skeletal pins, hair dye is not
appropriate. Loud music may disturb others in the hospital. The child's request for a darkened
room may indicate a problem with depression that may need further evaluation and
intervention.
,Question 3.
The nurse is monitoring a 3-month-old infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure. On
palpation of the fontanels, the nurse notes that the anterior fontanel is soft and flat. On the basis of
this finding, which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Increase oral fluids.
B. Document the finding.
C. Notify the health care provider (HCP).
D. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.
ANSWER
B. Document the finding.
Rationale:
The anterior fontanel is diamond-shaped and located on the top of the head. The fontanel
should be soft and flat in a normal infant, and it normally closes by 12 to 18 months of age.
The nurse would document the finding because it is normal. There is no useful reason to
increase oral fluids, notify the HCP, or elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.
Question 4.
Which interventions are appropriate for the care of an infant? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A. Provide swaddling.
B. Talk in a loud voice.
C. Provide the infant with a bottle of juice at nap time.
D. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs.
E. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes.
F. Allow the infant to cry for at least 10 minutes before responding.
ANSWER
A. Provide swaddling.
D. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs.
E. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes.
, Question 5.
The nurse at a well-baby clinic is providing nutrition instructions to the mother of a 1-month-old infant.
What instruction should the nurse give to the mother?
A. To introduce strained fruits one at a time
B. That breast milk or formula is the main food
C. To introduce strained vegetables one at a time
D. To offer rice cereal mixed with breast milk or formula
ANSWER
B. That breast milk or formula is the main food
Rationale:
Breast milk or formula is the main food throughout infancy. Rice cereal mixed with breast milk
or formula is introduced at 4 months of age. Strained vegetables, fruits, and meats are
introduced one at a time and can begin at 6 months of age.
Question 6.
A nurse is conducting an admission interview with the mother of a 2 year old child. What history
question is most important at this time?
a. How many children are in the family?
b. What is your child's normal routine?
c. Does your child attend daycare?
d. What toys are most important to your child?
ANSWER
b. What is your child's normal routine?
Question 7.
The parents of a 2-year-old arrive at a hospital to visit their child. The child is in the playroom when
the parents arrive. When the parents enter the playroom, the child does not readily approach the
parents. Which is the correct interpretation of the behavior?
A. The child is withdrawn.
B. The child is self-centered.
C. The child exhibits detachment.
D. The child has adjusted to the hospital setting.
ANSWER
C. The child exhibits detachment.
Rationale:
The phases through which young children progress when separated from their parents
include protest, despair, and denial or detachment. In detachment, when the parents return,
