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Nursing fundamentals: pharmacology test questions
and correct answers
Advantages of oral route - ------correct answers---------Most common, safest, least expensive, subject to
the first pass effect, multiple preparations.
Advantages of topical route - ------correct answers---------Applied to circumscribed area of body, multiple
preparations, local or systemic effects, local irritation, always wear gloves when administering, safe
disposal of patches
Allergic reactions/ immune system response - ------correct answers----------the body interprets the drug
as a foreign substance and forms antibodies against the drug
*anaphylaxis is most severe form of allergic reaction involves The entire body resulting in wheezing,
hypotension, nausea, vomiting and edema
Antagonist effect - ------correct answers---------One drug interferes with the actions of another and
decreases the effect of the other drug
Cytochrome P-450 system - ------correct answers----------family of enzymes within liver responsible drug
metabolism
-ethnic variations
-drugs and other substances may be either enzyme inducers or inhibitors
-drugs affecting p450 are responsible for many drug interactions
Enteral - ------correct answers---------The G.I. tract is used for ingestion and absorption of
drugs(oral,NG,G tube)
Excretion - ------correct answers---------Removal of the drug from the body. Factors affecting excretion is
age and kidney function. Labs used to valuate kidney functioning food creatinine, B UN, EGFR, creatinine
clearance
Document shared on https://www.docsity.com/en/docs/nursing-fundamentals-pharmacology-test-questions-and-correct-answers/15982563/
, First pass effect - ------correct answers---------Rapid hepatic inactivation of some oral drugs on their first
pass through the liver before they reach the systemic circulation.
Highly metabolize drugs lose much of their therapeutic effectiveness quickly especially oral medications
such as nitroglycerin
Highly metabolized, oral medications may be given the another route to bypass the liver
Half-life of a drug - ------correct answers---------The amount of time it takes to remove 50% of the drug
from the blood (half life is the result of metabolism and excretion)
How are drugs classified - ------correct answers---------According to shared characteristics. Chemical
ingredients, physiological effects on the body, therapeutic medications desired effect or use in therapy
Idiosyncratic effects - ------correct answers----------unique, unusual
-may be opposite of the intended therapeutic effect (paradoxical)
Minimum effective concentration (MEC) - ------correct answers---------The concentration of drug which
must be present in the body to produce therapeutic effect.
Plasma drug levels below the MEC May not produce a therapeutic effect.
The goal is to dose drugs so that the plasma concentration is above the MEC but below the plasma level
at which adverse affects or toxicity occurs also known as the ...
**Therapeutic range**
Most common causes of medication error - ------correct answers---------Lack of knowledge
Miscommunication
Document shared on https://www.docsity.com/en/docs/nursing-fundamentals-pharmacology-test-questions-and-correct-answers/15982563/
Nursing fundamentals: pharmacology test questions
and correct answers
Advantages of oral route - ------correct answers---------Most common, safest, least expensive, subject to
the first pass effect, multiple preparations.
Advantages of topical route - ------correct answers---------Applied to circumscribed area of body, multiple
preparations, local or systemic effects, local irritation, always wear gloves when administering, safe
disposal of patches
Allergic reactions/ immune system response - ------correct answers----------the body interprets the drug
as a foreign substance and forms antibodies against the drug
*anaphylaxis is most severe form of allergic reaction involves The entire body resulting in wheezing,
hypotension, nausea, vomiting and edema
Antagonist effect - ------correct answers---------One drug interferes with the actions of another and
decreases the effect of the other drug
Cytochrome P-450 system - ------correct answers----------family of enzymes within liver responsible drug
metabolism
-ethnic variations
-drugs and other substances may be either enzyme inducers or inhibitors
-drugs affecting p450 are responsible for many drug interactions
Enteral - ------correct answers---------The G.I. tract is used for ingestion and absorption of
drugs(oral,NG,G tube)
Excretion - ------correct answers---------Removal of the drug from the body. Factors affecting excretion is
age and kidney function. Labs used to valuate kidney functioning food creatinine, B UN, EGFR, creatinine
clearance
Document shared on https://www.docsity.com/en/docs/nursing-fundamentals-pharmacology-test-questions-and-correct-answers/15982563/
, First pass effect - ------correct answers---------Rapid hepatic inactivation of some oral drugs on their first
pass through the liver before they reach the systemic circulation.
Highly metabolize drugs lose much of their therapeutic effectiveness quickly especially oral medications
such as nitroglycerin
Highly metabolized, oral medications may be given the another route to bypass the liver
Half-life of a drug - ------correct answers---------The amount of time it takes to remove 50% of the drug
from the blood (half life is the result of metabolism and excretion)
How are drugs classified - ------correct answers---------According to shared characteristics. Chemical
ingredients, physiological effects on the body, therapeutic medications desired effect or use in therapy
Idiosyncratic effects - ------correct answers----------unique, unusual
-may be opposite of the intended therapeutic effect (paradoxical)
Minimum effective concentration (MEC) - ------correct answers---------The concentration of drug which
must be present in the body to produce therapeutic effect.
Plasma drug levels below the MEC May not produce a therapeutic effect.
The goal is to dose drugs so that the plasma concentration is above the MEC but below the plasma level
at which adverse affects or toxicity occurs also known as the ...
**Therapeutic range**
Most common causes of medication error - ------correct answers---------Lack of knowledge
Miscommunication
Document shared on https://www.docsity.com/en/docs/nursing-fundamentals-pharmacology-test-questions-and-correct-answers/15982563/
