EpidEmiology & population
HEaltH nEwEst Edition witH
quEstions and answErs
1. A community health nurse is investigating an outbreak of foodborne illness. Which term
describes the number of NEW cases in a population during a specific time period?
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence
C. Morbidity
D. Mortality
Answer: B. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a
population during a specified time period. Prevalence includes all cases (new and existing).
2. A public health nurse is working in a community with a population of 24,096. There are
2,096 existing cases of heart disease. The nurse can determine which of the following from
this information?
A. Mortality rate
B. Attack rate
C. Prevalence proportion
D. Incidence proportion
Answer: C. Prevalence proportion is calculated by dividing the total number of existing cases
by the total population.
3. A nurse is conducting a community assessment. Which level of prevention is being
implemented when the nurse provides influenza vaccinations at a senior center?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Answer: A. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Vaccinations are a
primary prevention strategy.
4. A nurse is teaching about the chain of infection. Which component is interrupted when
a client with tuberculosis is placed in airborne isolation?
A. Reservoir
B. Portal of exit
,C. Mode of transmission
D. Susceptible host
Answer: C. Airborne isolation interrupts the mode of transmission by preventing infectious
particles from traveling through the air to a susceptible host.
5. A nurse is assessing an outbreak of mumps among school-age children. Using the
epidemiological triangle, the nurse should recognize that which of the following is the
host?
A. The mumps virus
B. The school environment
C. The children
D. The vaccination status
Answer: C. In the epidemiological triangle, the host is the organism (human) that harbors
the disease.
6. A community health nurse notes that six new cases of diabetes mellitus have been
reported in the past 3 months. What measure is the nurse calculating?
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Morbidity rate
Answer: B. Incidence rate measures the number of new cases occurring during a specific
time period.
7. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a windshield survey?
A. To collect statistical data on disease rates
B. To systematically observe a community’s physical environment and social conditions
C. To interview key community leaders about health needs
D. To review existing health records and surveys
Answer: B. A windshield survey is a visual observation of a community’s environment,
housing, and social conditions.
8. A nurse is collecting data to identify health needs in the local community. Which of the
following is an example of SECONDARY data?
A. Birth statistics
B. Windshield survey
C. Community forum
D. Key informant interviews
Answer: A. Secondary data includes existing information such as birth statistics, previous
health survey results, and health records.
, 9. A nurse is preparing a community education program about health care needs during
pregnancy. Which vaccine is safe to administer to a pregnant client?
A. Herpes zoster
B. Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap)
C. Varicella
D. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
Answer: B. Tdap is safe and recommended during pregnancy. Live vaccines (varicella, MMR,
herpes zoster) are contraindicated.
10. A nurse is assessing a community’s health status. Which data source provides the most
comprehensive information about the community’s health?
A. Hospital discharge records
B. Community health assessment
C. Pharmacy sales data
D. Social media posts
Answer: B. A community health assessment provides the most comprehensive data by
collecting information from multiple sources about the community’s health status and
needs.
Section 2: Community Assessment & Program Planning (社区评估与项目规划)
11. A community health nurse drives through an assigned community before visiting
scheduled groups, then again in the evening. What is the rationale for driving through
twice?
A. To confirm the results of the first assessment
B. To allow the nurse to see the community when residents are at work/school and again
when most are at home
C. To ensure the nurse absorbed all relevant details
D. To save time on documentation
Answer: B. Driving through at different times allows the nurse to observe the community
under different conditions.
12. Which question asked by a novice nurse best reflects an understanding of the role of a
public health nurse?
A. “Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?”
B. “Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?”
C. “With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?”
D. “With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?”
HEaltH nEwEst Edition witH
quEstions and answErs
1. A community health nurse is investigating an outbreak of foodborne illness. Which term
describes the number of NEW cases in a population during a specific time period?
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence
C. Morbidity
D. Mortality
Answer: B. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a
population during a specified time period. Prevalence includes all cases (new and existing).
2. A public health nurse is working in a community with a population of 24,096. There are
2,096 existing cases of heart disease. The nurse can determine which of the following from
this information?
A. Mortality rate
B. Attack rate
C. Prevalence proportion
D. Incidence proportion
Answer: C. Prevalence proportion is calculated by dividing the total number of existing cases
by the total population.
3. A nurse is conducting a community assessment. Which level of prevention is being
implemented when the nurse provides influenza vaccinations at a senior center?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion
Answer: A. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Vaccinations are a
primary prevention strategy.
4. A nurse is teaching about the chain of infection. Which component is interrupted when
a client with tuberculosis is placed in airborne isolation?
A. Reservoir
B. Portal of exit
,C. Mode of transmission
D. Susceptible host
Answer: C. Airborne isolation interrupts the mode of transmission by preventing infectious
particles from traveling through the air to a susceptible host.
5. A nurse is assessing an outbreak of mumps among school-age children. Using the
epidemiological triangle, the nurse should recognize that which of the following is the
host?
A. The mumps virus
B. The school environment
C. The children
D. The vaccination status
Answer: C. In the epidemiological triangle, the host is the organism (human) that harbors
the disease.
6. A community health nurse notes that six new cases of diabetes mellitus have been
reported in the past 3 months. What measure is the nurse calculating?
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Morbidity rate
Answer: B. Incidence rate measures the number of new cases occurring during a specific
time period.
7. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a windshield survey?
A. To collect statistical data on disease rates
B. To systematically observe a community’s physical environment and social conditions
C. To interview key community leaders about health needs
D. To review existing health records and surveys
Answer: B. A windshield survey is a visual observation of a community’s environment,
housing, and social conditions.
8. A nurse is collecting data to identify health needs in the local community. Which of the
following is an example of SECONDARY data?
A. Birth statistics
B. Windshield survey
C. Community forum
D. Key informant interviews
Answer: A. Secondary data includes existing information such as birth statistics, previous
health survey results, and health records.
, 9. A nurse is preparing a community education program about health care needs during
pregnancy. Which vaccine is safe to administer to a pregnant client?
A. Herpes zoster
B. Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap)
C. Varicella
D. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)
Answer: B. Tdap is safe and recommended during pregnancy. Live vaccines (varicella, MMR,
herpes zoster) are contraindicated.
10. A nurse is assessing a community’s health status. Which data source provides the most
comprehensive information about the community’s health?
A. Hospital discharge records
B. Community health assessment
C. Pharmacy sales data
D. Social media posts
Answer: B. A community health assessment provides the most comprehensive data by
collecting information from multiple sources about the community’s health status and
needs.
Section 2: Community Assessment & Program Planning (社区评估与项目规划)
11. A community health nurse drives through an assigned community before visiting
scheduled groups, then again in the evening. What is the rationale for driving through
twice?
A. To confirm the results of the first assessment
B. To allow the nurse to see the community when residents are at work/school and again
when most are at home
C. To ensure the nurse absorbed all relevant details
D. To save time on documentation
Answer: B. Driving through at different times allows the nurse to observe the community
under different conditions.
12. Which question asked by a novice nurse best reflects an understanding of the role of a
public health nurse?
A. “Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?”
B. “Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?”
C. “With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?”
D. “With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?”
