PASSPOINT PRO | GRADUATE NURSING
NURS 5315
Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 5 Practice Exam
Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Reproductive Disorders; clinical case questions
emphasizing mechanisms, distinguishing findings, diagnostic patterns, and
progression.
100 A-D 100
Practice Questions Multiple Choice Explained Answers
Original study and revision material • PassPoint Pro
, NURS 5315 • Exam 5 Practice Exam
Exam 5 Practice Exam
Focus: Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Reproductive Disorders; clinical case questions emphasizing mechanisms,
distinguishing findings, diagnostic patterns, and progression.
Instructions: Choose the single best answer from A–D for every question. Complete the questions first, then use
the answer key and detailed explanations at the end.
1. A patient has persistent hepatitis B surface antigen and elevated aminotransferases.
Which characteristic feature helps distinguish this process?
A. Persistent infection may be asymptomatic until liver injury advances
B. Varices and splenomegaly indicate portal pressure elevation
C. Fluctuating attention and asterixis are typical
D. Charcot triad raises concern for ascending biliary infection
2. A patient has irregular cycles, acne, and hirsutism. Which finding is most consistent with
the suspected disease process?
A. Dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia may worsen cyclically
B. Oligo-ovulation and clinical hyperandrogenism are common
C. High-riding testis and absent cremasteric reflex may be present
D. Cervical motion uterine or adnexal tenderness suggests upper-tract inflammation
3. A patient has persistent hepatitis B surface antigen and elevated aminotransferases.
Which diagnostic signature is most consistent with these findings?
A. Ultrasound may show stones wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid
B. Elevated ammonia may support but does not independently establish diagnosis
C. HBsAg lasting at least six months indicates chronic infection
D. Thrombocytopenia and nodular liver morphology may accompany disease
4. A patient with early pregnancy develops unilateral pelvic pain and vaginal spotting.
Which later consequence follows logically from this process?
A. Bowel obstruction and liver metastases may develop
B. Vascular invasion and liver failure may progress
C. Eclampsia HELLP syndrome and placental abruption may occur
D. Tubal rupture can cause life-threatening hemorrhage
5. A patient with chronic pancreatitis has oily stools and weight loss. Which mechanism
connects the clinical findings?
A. Loss of pancreatic digestive enzymes impairs fat and nutrient digestion
B. Adhesions or another blockage prevent normal intestinal transit and trap secretions
C. Premature intrapancreatic digestive enzyme activation causes autodigestion
D. Continuous mucosal inflammation begins at the rectum and extends proximally
UTA • Advanced Pathophysiology • PassPoint Pro Page 2
, NURS 5315 • Exam 5 Practice Exam
6. A patient has pelvic pain, fever, cervical motion tenderness, and mucopurulent discharge.
Which supporting observation best matches this presentation?
A. Obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms progress gradually
B. Cervical motion uterine or adnexal tenderness suggests upper-tract inflammation
C. Dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia may worsen cyclically
D. High-riding testis and absent cremasteric reflex may be present
7. A patient with early pregnancy develops unilateral pelvic pain and vaginal spotting.
Which diagnostic signature is most consistent with these findings?
A. Colonoscopy with tissue biopsy confirms malignancy
B. Ascitic fluid often has serum-ascites albumin gradient at least 1.1 grams per deciliter
C. Transvaginal ultrasound and serial hCG help localize the pregnancy
D. Multiphasic imaging may show arterial enhancement and venous washout
8. A patient has recurrent bloody diarrhea and urgency. Which laboratory, imaging, or
physiologic pattern should be anticipated?
A. CT may show an enlarged inflamed appendix
B. Imaging can reveal dilated small-bowel loops with transition point
C. Lipase often exceeds three times the upper limit of normal
D. Colonoscopy shows continuous erythematous friable colonic mucosa
9. A patient with chronic liver disease has splenomegaly and esophageal varices. What is
the most likely causal pathway?
A. Fibrosis and regenerative nodules raise intrahepatic vascular resistance
B. Cystic duct obstruction triggers gallbladder inflammation
C. Biliary obstruction permits bacterial infection and rising duct pressure
D. Ongoing viral infection and host immune injury sustain hepatic inflammation
10. A patient with epigastric pain tests positive for Helicobacter pylori. What objective
result best aligns with this process?
A. Ileocolonoscopy may show discontinuous deep ulceration
B. Urea breath or stool antigen testing can show active infection
C. Tissue transglutaminase IgA is often elevated with adequate total IgA
D. Esophageal pH monitoring can document abnormal acid exposure
11. A patient has recurrent bloody diarrhea and urgency. Which finding is most consistent
with the suspected disease process?
A. Steatorrhea and fat-soluble vitamin deficiency can occur
B. Migration of pain to the right lower quadrant is characteristic
C. Bloody diarrhea with rectal involvement is typical
D. High-pitched bowel sounds and distention may appear early
UTA • Advanced Pathophysiology • PassPoint Pro Page 3
NURS 5315
Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 5 Practice Exam
Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Reproductive Disorders; clinical case questions
emphasizing mechanisms, distinguishing findings, diagnostic patterns, and
progression.
100 A-D 100
Practice Questions Multiple Choice Explained Answers
Original study and revision material • PassPoint Pro
, NURS 5315 • Exam 5 Practice Exam
Exam 5 Practice Exam
Focus: Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Reproductive Disorders; clinical case questions emphasizing mechanisms,
distinguishing findings, diagnostic patterns, and progression.
Instructions: Choose the single best answer from A–D for every question. Complete the questions first, then use
the answer key and detailed explanations at the end.
1. A patient has persistent hepatitis B surface antigen and elevated aminotransferases.
Which characteristic feature helps distinguish this process?
A. Persistent infection may be asymptomatic until liver injury advances
B. Varices and splenomegaly indicate portal pressure elevation
C. Fluctuating attention and asterixis are typical
D. Charcot triad raises concern for ascending biliary infection
2. A patient has irregular cycles, acne, and hirsutism. Which finding is most consistent with
the suspected disease process?
A. Dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia may worsen cyclically
B. Oligo-ovulation and clinical hyperandrogenism are common
C. High-riding testis and absent cremasteric reflex may be present
D. Cervical motion uterine or adnexal tenderness suggests upper-tract inflammation
3. A patient has persistent hepatitis B surface antigen and elevated aminotransferases.
Which diagnostic signature is most consistent with these findings?
A. Ultrasound may show stones wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid
B. Elevated ammonia may support but does not independently establish diagnosis
C. HBsAg lasting at least six months indicates chronic infection
D. Thrombocytopenia and nodular liver morphology may accompany disease
4. A patient with early pregnancy develops unilateral pelvic pain and vaginal spotting.
Which later consequence follows logically from this process?
A. Bowel obstruction and liver metastases may develop
B. Vascular invasion and liver failure may progress
C. Eclampsia HELLP syndrome and placental abruption may occur
D. Tubal rupture can cause life-threatening hemorrhage
5. A patient with chronic pancreatitis has oily stools and weight loss. Which mechanism
connects the clinical findings?
A. Loss of pancreatic digestive enzymes impairs fat and nutrient digestion
B. Adhesions or another blockage prevent normal intestinal transit and trap secretions
C. Premature intrapancreatic digestive enzyme activation causes autodigestion
D. Continuous mucosal inflammation begins at the rectum and extends proximally
UTA • Advanced Pathophysiology • PassPoint Pro Page 2
, NURS 5315 • Exam 5 Practice Exam
6. A patient has pelvic pain, fever, cervical motion tenderness, and mucopurulent discharge.
Which supporting observation best matches this presentation?
A. Obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms progress gradually
B. Cervical motion uterine or adnexal tenderness suggests upper-tract inflammation
C. Dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareunia may worsen cyclically
D. High-riding testis and absent cremasteric reflex may be present
7. A patient with early pregnancy develops unilateral pelvic pain and vaginal spotting.
Which diagnostic signature is most consistent with these findings?
A. Colonoscopy with tissue biopsy confirms malignancy
B. Ascitic fluid often has serum-ascites albumin gradient at least 1.1 grams per deciliter
C. Transvaginal ultrasound and serial hCG help localize the pregnancy
D. Multiphasic imaging may show arterial enhancement and venous washout
8. A patient has recurrent bloody diarrhea and urgency. Which laboratory, imaging, or
physiologic pattern should be anticipated?
A. CT may show an enlarged inflamed appendix
B. Imaging can reveal dilated small-bowel loops with transition point
C. Lipase often exceeds three times the upper limit of normal
D. Colonoscopy shows continuous erythematous friable colonic mucosa
9. A patient with chronic liver disease has splenomegaly and esophageal varices. What is
the most likely causal pathway?
A. Fibrosis and regenerative nodules raise intrahepatic vascular resistance
B. Cystic duct obstruction triggers gallbladder inflammation
C. Biliary obstruction permits bacterial infection and rising duct pressure
D. Ongoing viral infection and host immune injury sustain hepatic inflammation
10. A patient with epigastric pain tests positive for Helicobacter pylori. What objective
result best aligns with this process?
A. Ileocolonoscopy may show discontinuous deep ulceration
B. Urea breath or stool antigen testing can show active infection
C. Tissue transglutaminase IgA is often elevated with adequate total IgA
D. Esophageal pH monitoring can document abnormal acid exposure
11. A patient has recurrent bloody diarrhea and urgency. Which finding is most consistent
with the suspected disease process?
A. Steatorrhea and fat-soluble vitamin deficiency can occur
B. Migration of pain to the right lower quadrant is characteristic
C. Bloody diarrhea with rectal involvement is typical
D. High-pitched bowel sounds and distention may appear early
UTA • Advanced Pathophysiology • PassPoint Pro Page 3
